A numerical study on the effect of ski vibration on friction

Abstract

Friction in icy condition is a complicate phenomenon usually consisting of three representative regimes: boundary, mixed and hydrodynamic regime. 10 Various factors may affect the friction in these regimes including the thickness of water film, the amount of frictional heat, velocity and apparent contact area. In ski jump, ski plates vibrate when gliding on an icy slop, which may have an influence on the gliding performance as they can alter these factors related to friction. Here, we present our effort to investigate the effect of vibration on friction numerically using a combined friction model applied to a jump ski. A pressure-dependent friction model is first derived from experimental data measured in small test specimen, which is well agreed with a theoretical model. Then, we construct a numerical, finite element model for a jumping ski such that it shows the same flexural stiffness as characterized experimentally. Finally, we explore how vibration affects the friction by performing simulations with various amplitudes and frequencies of vibration applied.