Various Levels of Copra Meal Supplementation with β-Mannanase on Growth Performance, Blood Profile, Nutrient Digestibility, Pork Quality and Economical Analysis in Growing-finishing Pigs

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of copra meal (CM) supplementation with β-mannanase on growth performance, blood profile, nutrient digestibility, pork quality and economical analysis in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 100 growing pigs ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) averaging 31.22 ± 2.04 kg body weight were allotted to 5 different treatments by weight and sex in a randomized complete block (RCB) design in 5 replicate with 4 pigs per pen. Treatments were 1) Control (corn-SBM based diet + 0.1% of β-mannanase (800IU)), 2) CM10 (10% copra meal + 0.1% of β-mannanase (800IU)), 3) CM15 (15% copra meal + 0.1% of β-mannanase (800IU)), 4) CM20 (20% copra meal + 0.1% of β-mannanase (800IU)) and 5) CM25 (25% copra meal + 0.1% of β-mannanase (800IU)). Four phase feeding program was used in this experiment: growingⅠ(week 1-3), growingⅡ(week 4-6), finishingⅠ(week 7-9) and finishingⅡweek 10-12) respectively. In growth performance, there was no significant difference among treatments during whole experimental period. In growingⅠ phase, G:F ratio tended to increase when pigs were fed increasing level of CM (P=0.05), but ADG and ADFI tended to decrease in finishingⅡ phase as dietary CM level increased (linear, P=0.08, P=0.06, respectively). In finishingⅠ phase, lower G:F ratio was observed in CM20 treatment (quadratic, P=0.05). Also, increasing level of CM reduced ADG (linear, P=0.02) as well as feed efficiency (linear, P=0.08) during the whole finishing period. In blood profiles, concentration of glucose was not affected by dietary CM level. At the end of the growing period, the BUN was linearly increased with increasing level of CM (linear, P=0.02). In digestibility trial, there were no significant differences in DM, crude fat, crude ash and nitrogen digestibility. However, as dietary level of CM increased, crude protein digestibility was decreased (linear, P=0.02). In addition, there was a tendency of increased fecal nitrogen as CM level increased (linear, P=0.05), resulting in decreasing of nitrogen retention (linear, P=0.08). In economical analysis, feed cost per weight gain and total feed cost per pig were reduced in overall period when CM was provided by 25% (linear, P=0.02, P=0.04, respectively). Consequently, these results demonstrated that copra meal with 0.1% of β-mannanase (800IU) could be supplemented instead of corn and soybean meal up to 25% without detrimental effects on growth performance and pork quality of growing-finishing pigs.