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직업복귀 산재근로자의 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구

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Authors

조영인

Advisor
전영한
Issue Date
2019-08
Publisher
서울대학교 대학원
Keywords
산재보험산재근로자원직장복귀재취업삶의 질
Description
학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :행정대학원 공기업정책학과,2019. 8. 전영한.
Abstract
국문초록

본 연구는 산재근로자가 치료를 마친 후 원직장으로 복귀하는 것이 삶의 질 향상이라는 측면에서 가장 유리한 직업복귀(return to work) 형태인가에 대한 의문에서 시작되었다.
선행연구에 따르면 산재근로자의 직업복귀의 용이성, 고용안정성, 재훈련비용 절감 등 여러 가지 측면에서 원직장복귀가 타직장 재취업보다 유리한 것으로 나타났고, 근로복지공단 산재보험 패널데이터를 이용하여 원직장복귀 산재근로자의 삶의 질이 재취업 산재근로자보다 높다는 연구결과도 있었다.
그러나, 이는 횡단연구에 그친 것으로 산재보험 패널조사의 종단자료를 활용하여 원직장복귀 또는 재취업 후 장기간 고용안정성을 유지하고 있는 직업복귀 산재근로자의 삶의 질에 대한 연구는 찾아보기 힘들었다.
따라서, 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 장기적으로도 삶의 질 측면에서 원직장복귀가 재취업보다 유리한가? 둘째, 직업복귀 산재근로자의 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 산재요인, 직업적 요인, 심리사회적 요인은 무엇인가? 셋째, 직업복귀형태(원직장복귀, 재취업)별로 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 요인이 다르게 나타나는가?
이러한 연구문제를 검증하기 위해 근로복지공단 산재보험 패널조사 제2차(2014년)부터 제5차(2017년)까지의 종단자료(long type format)를 이용하여 직업복귀 후 동일한 직장에서 근무하고 있다고 응답한 원직장복귀자 381명, 재취업자 199명을 최종 분석대상으로 추출하였다.
선행연구 검토결과에 따라 독립변수는 직업복귀형태(원직장복귀, 재취업), 산재 요인(장해등급, 요양기간), 직업적 요인(월평균임금, 종사상 지위, 직무만족도), 심리사회적 요인(자아존중감, 자기효능감, 사회적 관계)으로 설정하였고, 종속변수는 산재보험 패널데이터에서 6개 항목의 일상생활만족도의 4개 조사연도(제2․3․4․5차) 합계 평균으로 설정하였다. 여기에서 독립변수가 종속변수에 미치는 영향력을 보다 명확하게 규명하기 위해 인구사회학적 요인(성별, 연령, 최종 혼인상태, 최종 학력, 사회경제적 지위)을 통제변수로 두었고, 패널 다중회귀분석을 통해 가설을 검증하였다.
분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 직업복귀 후 장기간 고용안정성을 유지한 원직장복귀 산재근로자와 재취업 산재근로자의 삶의 질에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 월평균임금이 높을수록, 직무만족도가 높을수록, 자아존중감이 높을수록, 자기효능감이 높을수록 직업복귀 산재근로자의 삶의 질이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 원직장복귀 산재근로자의 경우 월평균임금, 직무만족도, 자아존중감, 사회적 관계가 삶의 질 영향요인으로 나타난 반면, 재취업자의 경우 직무만족도, 자아존중감이 유의한 삶의 질 영향요인으로 나타났다. 회귀계수 비교결과, 원직장복귀자와 재취업자의 삶의 질에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 요인은 직무만족도로 나타났다.
본 연구결과를 통해 직업복귀 후 장기간 고용안정성을 유지할 경우에는 직업복귀형태(원직장복귀, 재취업)가 삶의 질에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 요소가 아님이 확인되었다. 따라서 재취업 산재근로자의 고용안정성을 유지시킬 수 있는 방안, 원직장복귀뿐만 아니라 재취업을 지원할 수 있는 제도적 장치 등이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.
Abstract

A study on the factors affecting the quality of life of industrially- injured workers returned to work

This study began with the question of whether for industrially- injured workers, returning to their original job(reinstatement) after treatment was in the most advantageous form of return to work in terms of improving the quality of life. According to the previous studies, the reinstatement of industrially- injured workers is more advantageous than the reemployment of another job in many ways, including easier reinstatement, job security, and reduced training costs. And some studies found that the quality of life of industrially-injured workers who has returned to their original job is higher than that of the reemployed, by using Panel Study of Workers Compensation Insurance(PSWCI) However, most of the studies were only cross-sectional studies, and it was hard to find longitudinal studies about the quality of life of industrially-injured workers keeping their job security for a long period of time after returning to their original job or being reemployed.
Therefore, research questions are as follows. First, in the long run, for industrially-injured workers, reinstatement is more advantageous than reemployment in terms of quality of life? Second, what are the industrial accident factors, occupational factors, and social-psychological factors affecting the quality of life of the occupational rehabilitation workers? Third, what are factors that affect the quality of life of industrially-injured workers, according to the type of return to work(returning to the original position, reemployment)? In order to verify these research questions, 381 people who responded that they have been working in the same workplace after returning to work and 199 reemployed people were selected for final analysis, by using long type format data from the 2nd(2014) to 5th (2017) of PSWCI. According to the results of the review of the preceding studies, the independent variables were set to the type of occupational reinstatement(return to the original position, reemployment), industrial accident factors(grade of disability, recuperation period), occupational factors(monthly average wage, employment status, job satisfaction), psychological and social factors(self-esteem, self-efficacy, social relationships). Dependent variables were set as the sum average of daily life satisfaction" composed of six questions from the 2nd research(2014) to 5th(2017) of PSWCI. Here, in order to better identify the impact of an independent variable on the dependent variable, demographic factors(gender, age, final marital status, final educational background, socioeconomic status) that appeared to influence consistently in a number of prior studies were placed as control variables and verified through panel multiple regression analysis. The analysis results are as follows. First, it was shown that the difference in quality of life between the returned(to their original job) and the reemployed was not statistically significant. Second, it was found that the higher the monthly wage, the higher the job satisfaction level, the higher the self-esteem level, the higher the self-efficacy leve1, caused the higher the quality of life of the occupational reinstatement workers. Third, the monthly wage, job satisfaction, self-esteem, and social relationships were shown to be factors that affect the quality of life of the returned to their original job, while the job satisfaction and self-esteem are significant factors to the quality of life of the reemployed. Comparing the regression coefficients showed that job satisfaction was the most important factor affecting the quality of life both for the returned to their original job and the reemployed. The results of this study confirmed that if job security is maintained for a long period of time after returning to work, the type of return to work(reinstatement, reemployment), is not a significant factor in the quality of life of industrially injured workers. Therefore, it was indicated that measures to maintain job security for industrially injured workers who was reemployed, and institutional devices to support the reemployed were needed.
Language
kor
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/161741

http://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000156942
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Graduate School of Public Administration (행정대학원)Dept. of Public Enterprise Policy (공기업정책학과)Theses (Master's Degree_공기업정책학과)
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