Hybrid perovskites: Effective crystal growth for optoelectronic applications

Abstract

Outstanding material properties of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have triggered a new insight into the next-generation solar cells. Beyond solar cells, a wide range of controllable properties of hybrid perovskites, particularly depending on crystal growth conditions, enables versatile high-performance optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. This article highlights recent progress in the crystallization strategies of organicinorganic hybrid perovskites for use as effective light harvesters or light emitters. Fundamental background on perovskite crystalline structures and relevant optoelectronic properties such as optical band-gap, electron-hole behavior, and energy band alignment are given. A detailed overview of the effective crystallization methods for perovskites, including thermal treatment, additives, solvent mediator, laser irradiation, nanostructure, and crystal dimensionalityis reported offering a comprehensive correlation among perovskite processing conditions, crystalline morphology, and relevant device performance. Finally, future research directions to overcome current practical bottlenecks and move towards reliable high performance perovskite optoelectronic applications are proposed.