求古樓展觀의 활동과 그 영향: 19세기 일본 판본학의 시작과 中日書籍交流

Abstract

"Kyu-ko-ro-ten-kan(求古樓展觀) is the first Bibliographical researching group in earnest in Japan in the 19th Century. Japan had been collecting books from China and Korea by people who are scholars, zen priests(禪僧), merchants, and so on from 9th Century at least, and they had been preserved. But it was already disappeared in China. Bibliographical researching in late Edo period is effected Chinese Philology and it is based on rare books that was preserved until that time. In the late 17th century, Japan was started to research philology effected on Chinese academy. The typical example of philological result is 『Sichi-Kei-Mou-Si-Kou-Bun(七經孟子考文)』 that was written by Yamanoi Tei(山井鼎, ?~1728). Yamanoi compared text of 8 kinds of confucianism books each other in Ashikaga School where preseved many old books from middle age in Japan by his teacher, Ogyu Sorai(荻生徂徠, 1666~1728) who is a typical scholar in Japan. this was effected on 『Sip-Sam-Gyeong-Ju-So-Gyo-Gam-Gi(十三經注疏校勘記)』 written by Ruan Yuan(阮元, 1764~1849). The main purpose of Philology is tracing of an original text. So it is necessary to analysis of book in terms of form. Kyu-ko-ro-ten-kan was held by Kariya Ekisai(狩谷棭齋, 1774~1835) who established foundation of Japanese bibliography. He held the meeting for researching rare books once a month by inviting other book collectors, and they should be discuss the books. But it is not able to know the activities of this group, because of lack of related record. But 『Kei-se-ki-hou-ko-si(經籍訪古志)』 written by Mori Ritsi(森立之) etc. provides basis to inference how they analysis books bibliographically. According to this, they analysed books not only by bibliographical method but also by comparing text. So it means they use bibliographical method for philological researching. In the Meiji period Yang Shoujing(楊守敬) had been collected much of rare books by referring to 『Kei-se-ki-hou-ko-si』, when he stayed in Japan for 4 years. And He had been come away these books to China. And now his collections are in China and Taiwan. So the activity of Kyu-ko-ro-ten-kan is very important to understand history of bibliography in the Eastern Asia."