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Toynbee's Philosophy of History Adapted for Business Management - A Case Study and Theorization
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- Authors
- Issue Date
- 2003
- Citation
- Seoul Journal of Business, Vol.9 No.1, pp. 27-46
- Keywords
- Nongshim ; 농심 ; product value ; product price ; product cost ; consumer’s net benefit ; supplier’s net benefit
- Abstract
- Arnold J. Toynbee(1889-1975), in his A Study of History, put
forward a philosophy of history based on an analysis of the
cyclical development and decline of civilizations. Toynbee
examined the rise and fall of 26 civilizations in the course of
human history, and concluded that civilizations rose when the
leaders, in his own words: creative minorities, responded
successfully to challenges, and declined when the leaders
stopped responding creatively. Unlike Oswald Spengler who, in
his the Decline of the West, saw the rise and fall of a civilization
as a natural life-cycle process, Toynbee did not saw the death of
a civilization as inevitable. He saw the rise or fall of civilizations
as depending on the success or failure of the leaders response
to the challenges. In other words, a civilization can last as long
as the leaders continue to succeed in responding to successive
challenges.
- ISSN
- 1226-9816
- Language
- English
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