1960년대 미국의 새로운 세대 형성과 학생 운동

Abstract

The new student movement or the arrival of the radical politics in the 1960s had relation to the making of the new generation. In the US, this generation came of age upon the affluence and the Cold War in the 1950s. In this historical context, they had the idealism and the activism, and unlike the Old Left, they acted upon the practical eclecticism. So the 1950s was the seed bed of the 1960s and the generation location in the Mannheim's term. The 1960s generation was made under the impact of the civil rights movement. They raged at the American reality against which the blacks had fought, and accepted the direct action and the beloved community that the blacks had done. In this sense, the civil rights movement made the generation relation. Further, the civil rights movement gave the new generation the new style and the method of the movement. The participatory democracy and the importance of the individual value were the method as well as the goal. The formation and the division of the Movement owed to them In the course, the SNCC and the SDS sought the radical alternatives to the bureaucracy and the representative system through the union of the individual and the community, the participatory democracy, and the beloved community. And they recognized that the students in the modern society were the oppressed, and so they could struggled for their own rights through the Berkeley Free Speech Movement. In the end, the sit-ins of the black students and the making of the SNCC, the reformation of the SDS, and the Berkeley Free Speech Movement were the starting points of the 1960s generation and gave the later movements the references and the aspirations.