아프리카 경제발전과 농업개발의 구속요인에 관한 통합연구

Abstract

The primary purpose of the study was to make an exploratory research of the huge sub-continent of Sub-Saharan Africa by means of a manageably effective approach possible. Through identifying some major constraints of economic development and agricultural development largely in East Africa, a kind of bench-mark type information was obtained by making best use of accumulated research output by earlier research starters to reap the so-called "late development benefit" . The collaborative research was undertaken by an international economist and a rural sociologist though any planned idea of conducting the study in an interdisciplinary manner.

The carefully derived constraints both for economic development and for agricultural development were not the all-inclusive ones though major ones were naturally included. Through the major selected constraints, it was purported to have a glance at the problems of the Black African Continent while an emphasis was placed on East African countries. The economic constraints derived and examined were: (a) nature-endowed resources available, (b) development strategies and management capacity, and (c) development cooperation among neighboring countries and in an international context. Agricultural development bottlenecks derived and examined were: (a) capacity of planning and implementation of agricultural development, (b) generation and utilization of new and appropriate farm technologies, and (c) land tenure problems. Before going into examination of the constraints, a general description was made on the achievements and present status of economic development and agricultural development, respectively.

The major findings of the research study clearly confirmed the fact that so many constraints stood in the way, independently and in a combined way. The "roots" of the un-development might be greatly ascribed to the very colonization, probably the most deep？rooted antecedent. Indigenous, self-generating development efforts proved not so much successful, and the external development cooperation and assistance from developed countries and international agencies was also found badly ineffective. In this regard, however, the two driving forces for economic and agricultural development should be the most important necessary conditions for the African development.

Sub-Saharan African countries should be developed so that mass poverty and food shortage, the most important of the human basic needs, may be significantly improved, where economic growth and human development may be tested.