川崎시의 자치행정과 지역주민조직 - 네오코포라티즘적 코뮤니티정책을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper examines the political and administrative process of community policies of Kawasaki. Kawasaki city has been well known to be a successful reformative local self-government. The city began to launch community policies in order to solve many urban problems in the 1970s and strengthened the solidarity between the citys administration and citizens groups. For the reformative nature of citys policies, elements such as the progressive bureaucratic leadership under mayor and local self-government officials, the institutional networks reflecting the demand and interest of citizen, and the relatively autonomous finance of local self-government are important. Traditional community oreganization, chonakai, has maintained the close functional relationship with local administration and the city government could have managed and integrated community leaders through this chonaikai networks. However, the increasing demands for community medi-care and welfare, environmental conservation, social education, and the new prolem of incoming foreign workers since the 1980s made it necessary to set up and implement progressive and voluntary community policies. Local government of Kawasaki has been organizaing and mobilizing existing civil movement associations and new progressive citizens groups. The recent community policy process demonstrates the neo-corporatist interest-intermediation incorporating different social classes and interest groups into the formal decesion-making mechanism. The formative process of image creation and basic framework of citys macro-community policies shows administrationled character, but the specific policy or event process cases shows the spirit and forms of civil democracy. In this regard, Kawasakis community policy process implies dual nature of self-rule of citizen and administrative incorporation