유럽통합이 회원국가의 빈곤과 복지정책에 미친 영향

Abstract

Due to the economic restructruing and social change caused by economic globalization and accelerated European integration, member states have experienced the social problem of "new poverty" which is thought to be qualitatively different from traditional poverty. Welfare policy based upon the relatively homogeneous class structure and full employment could not cope with this new social problem. In an effort to bridge the increasing gap between new social demand and the so-called Keynesian welfare state, they have sought new policy responses which would stimulate employment, thereby emphasizing "workfare" rather than welfare. Because of socioeconomic changes from within and without, however, member state"s policy autonomy is significantly reduced. Instead, the European Union as a supranational entity is increasingly exerting its influence on these policy changes since the 1980s through regulation, research and funding. In this interactive process, labor market policy and social services have gained more importance than income maintenance, and the pluralism of welfare providers in social services and income maintenance is being pursued.