조선후기 함경 남도 幹線 방어체계

Abstract

This articles aims to examinethe processes of reorganizing the defense

system in Hamheung, Macheonryeong(磨天嶺), and Cheolryeong(鐵嶺) which

were the main defensive areas in the southern part of Hamgyeong Province

during the late Joseon Dynasty. After the ascent of the Qing Dynasty in

Manchuria at the beginning of the seventeenth century the priority in the

defense of Hamgyeong Province was given to the inland Hamheung area

amongst the existing Six Frontier Positions(六w鎭). Accordingly the attempts

were made to reorganize the defensive installations and to expand the

defensive strength in Hamheung area and its neighboring passes. At the

same time the progress was made for the reorganization of the defense

system in the whole area of Macheonryeong pass, an approach linking the

northern part of Hamgyeong Province to the inland areas. In the mideighteenth

century the defense system was completed in the whole areas of

the Sambang(三防) and the Cheolryeong pass, an approach linking Hamgyeong

Province to Gangwon Province. However, the development of the areas

bordering with Qing China in the second part of the eighteenth century

reduced the significance of the defense system in the southern part of

Hamgyeong Province.