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Differences in delta- and mu-opioid receptor blockade measured by positron emission tomography in naltrexone-treated recently abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects
Cited 105 time in
Web of Science
Cited 110 time in Scopus
- Authors
- Issue Date
- 2007-05-10
- Publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- Citation
- Neuropsychopharmacology 33(3): 653-665
- Keywords
- Adult ; Alcoholism/*drug therapy/*radionuclide imaging ; Analgesics, Opioid/diagnostic use ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Female ; Fentanyl/analogs & derivatives/diagnostic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Naltrexone/blood/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use ; Narcotic Antagonists/blood/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiopharmaceuticals/diagnostic use ; Receptors, Opioid, delta/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, Opioid, mu/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/psychology/radionuclide imaging ; Temperance
- Abstract
- Blockade of brain mu-opioid receptor (mu-OR) and delta-opioid receptor (delta-OR) was investigated in recently abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects (N=21) maintained on naltrexone. Subjects completed a 19-day inpatient protocol, which included alcohol abstinence followed by naltrexone treatment (50 mg) on days 15-19. Blood samples were collected after the first administration of naltrexone to evaluate serum levels of naltrexone and 6-beta-naltrexol. Regional brain mu-OR binding potential (BP) and delta-OR Ki was measured using [11C]carfentanil (CAR) positron emission tomography (PET) and [11C]methyl naltrindole ([11C]MeNTI) PET, respectively, before (day 5) and during naltrexone treatment (day 18). Naltrexone inhibition of [11C]CAR BP was near maximal across all brain regions of interest with little variability across subjects (mean+SD% inhibition=94.9+4.9%). Naltrexone only partially inhibited the [11C]MeNTI Ki and there was more variability across subjects (mean+SD% inhibition=21.1+14.49%). Peak serum levels of naltrexone were positively correlated with % inhibition of delta-OR Ki in neocortex and basal ganglia. Peak serum levels of naltrexone were not correlated with % inhibition of mu-OR BP. Peak levels of 6-beta-naltrexol were not significantly correlated with % inhibition of mu-OR BP or delta-OR Ki. Thus, the FDA recommended therapeutic dose of naltrexone was sufficient to produce near complete inhibition of the mu-OR in recently abstinent alcohol dependent subjects. The lower percent inhibition of delta-OR and greater variability in delta-OR blockade by naltrexone across subjects may contribute to individual differences in treatment outcomes to naltrexone. Further investigations on the relationship between individual differences in delta-OR blockade by naltrexone and clinical outcomes should be explored.
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (Print)
- Language
- English
- URI
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17487229
http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v33/n3/pdf/1301440a.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/67724
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