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한국에서의 선인장 줄기곰팡이병 : 새로운 병원균과 줄기썩음병균 Bipolaris cactivora의 잠재적 분화형

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Authors

김정호

Advisor
김영호
Issue Date
2003
Publisher
서울대학교 대학원
Keywords
선인장Alternaria alternata탄저병균A. tenuissima점무늬병균Bipolaris cactivora줄기썩음병균CactusColletotrichum gloeosporioidesGlomerella cinglataRapd (random amplified polymorphic dna)
Description
Thesis (master`s)--서울대학교 대학원 :농생명공학부,2003.
Abstract
Cacti are exotic plants in Korea, and cultivated mainly as indoor
ornamental plants. Graft cacti, which are composed of two different
species of cylindrical cactus as stock and globular cactus as scion,
are economically important for exporting and domestic uses in Korea.
For production of graft cacti, the main problems are diseases are
caused by fungi. In 1999 and 2000, cactus stem diseases caused by
fungi were surveyed in greenhouses at Suwon, Anseong, Eumseong,
Yeoju, Goyang, Cheoan, and Gimcheon in Korea. Form stem rot or
spot symptoms, fungi were isolated, among which 116 Alternaria spp.,
82 Fusarium spp., 62 Bipolaris cactivora, 8 Colletotrichum sp., and
many unknown fungi, Colletotrichum species was identified as C.
gloeosporioides (Teleomorph Glomerella cingulata) based on cultural and morphological characteristics of the fungus. It caused the typical
Colletrichum stem rot disease by artificial inoculation, proving its
pathogenicity. However, two cactus species, Myrtillocactus
geomentrizans and Cereus peruvianus appeared to be resistant to
the pathogen, which may be used as resistant sources. Two
Alternaria species, A. alternata and A. tenuissima, were identified
based on their mycological characteristics. In inoculation test, A.
tenuissima showed more virulence to cactus plants than A. alternata.
A. alternata induced the same spots as natural ones, and believe to
be the causal agent of the disease. A. alternata may be
opportunistically involved in cactus stem rotting as a secondary
invader. Fungal morphology and random amplified polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) analysis of B. cactivora were examined. Colony morphology
was differentiated into four types (A, B, D, and D), of which types A,
C and D had conidial type Ⅰ(more conical at spore end) and type B,
conidial type Ⅱ (more round). The conidial morphology was
quantitatively analyzed using image analysis. Twenty-eight amplified
fragments were produced by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a
set of two random primers, and the sizes of amplified DNA fragments
ranged approximately from 0.1 to 2.3 kb. The 62 isolates of B.
cactivora were classified into two major genomic DNA RAPD groups
at the genomic similarity of 97.7% and 95.1%, respectively. Cluster
analysis of genetic similarity among the isolates generated the dendrogram that clearly separated all isolates into Ⅰ or Ⅱ conidial
types. However, no or little difference was found in pathogenicity
between conidial type Ⅰ or Ⅱ fungi, suggesting that there may be
two biotypes in B. cactivora with different genotypes but for
pathogenicity in Korea.
Keywords: Alternaria alternata, A. tenuissima, Bipolaris cactivora,
Cactus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Glomerella cinglata, RAPD
(random amplified polymorphic DNA)
Language
English
URI
http://dcollection.snu.ac.kr:80/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000057167

https://hdl.handle.net/10371/68541
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