브라질 오순절 운동의 토착화: 성장과정을 중심으로

Abstract

This article is to look into transformation of the Brazilian pentecostalism in the process of development. To do this project, I prefer to use the categories of inculturation of christianity. For better understanding of pentecostalism of Brazil, I anlayze a brief historical background of Brazilian Protestantism. Although the methodology of phenomenology of religion I use is largely ahistorical, its application does not deny or reject relevant historical facts for interpretation. And I intend to develop a preliminary understanding of two contextual aspects of pentecostalism in Brazil : the cultural aspect and the religious aspect. The cultural aspect influenced brazilian to accept new movement of Christianity, and the religious aspect led brazilian to make their own indigenous or syncretistic folk Christianity. Among these different types of Brazilian Christianity, I find the indigenous religious patterns by using the categories of contextualization of religion: (1) syncretization of pentecostalism (2) weakness of speaking in tongues (3) emphasizing worship service of women (4) belief in empowerment of pastors as God's sacred people. These indigenous patterns of Brazilian Pentecostalism must be a major cultural reason for the church growth of Brazil.