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브라질의 권력구조와 정치과정의 특성 : The Nature of Brazilian Power Structure and Political Process
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- Authors
- Issue Date
- 1991-12-25
- Publisher
- 서울대학교 라틴아메리카연구소(SNUILAS)
- Citation
- Revista Iberoamericana, Vol.2, pp. 3-29
- Abstract
- Politics shapes the pattern of development. Admiting this fact, we can
find that there has been a conspicuous lack of concern in the existing literature
with the role of the political in explaining the developmental trajectory
of the Brazilian political economy. This paper attempts to fill this
gap by providing a systematic discussion of major characteristics of Brazilian
politics with a special focus on the power structure and political
process.
At first, the authors delineate the context of Brazilian politics. The pattern
of Brazilian politics has been influenced by the vastness of the country's
size and its consequence upon the low level of national integration;
by the very fact that Brazil is a "country of contrast"; and by the continuing
heavy influence of colonial heritage. In this context, Brazilian
power structure and political process have been determined by four major
factors: the formation of major political forces and power relations among
them; the structure of ideological conflict; the development of political institutions
and the rule of the political game; and the influence of external
forces.
After discussing the foundations of Brazilian politics, the authors identify
and discuss 7 major characteristics of Brazilian power structure and
political process. ① The basic framework of contemporary Brazilian politics
was formed during the first Vargas era(l930-45). ② Traditional political institutions remain very powerful, having a great influence on the
allocation of political power in the Brazilian society. ③ There has been a
lack of development of political parties and the party system. ④ Personalistic
politics is still prevalent with some major leaders playing the determining
role in the process and outcome of the Brazilian political game. ⑤
Any of the Brzilian political parties or forces, even any coalition among
them, can impose a stable rule over the Brazilian society through the
process of open politics, the result of which is the very existence of continuing
political uncertainties and crises. ⑥ There has been a long tradition
of military intervention in the Brazilian political process. ⑦ The lack
of the development of rational bureaucratic institutions in Brazil is conspicuous
with its negative consequence upon the state's effectiveness in dealng with socioeconomic problems. As a way of conclusion the authors deal with the prospect of political
development in Brazil and point out the obstacles which stand on the way.
- ISSN
- 1598-7779
- Language
- Korean
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