고교평준화정책과 학교선택권의 논리 : 헌법 판례를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to examine a logic of high school equalization policy and school choice and to consider a policy of assigning students to schools in their residence in relation to the right of school choice centering around a constitutional precedent. From these consideration, this study presented options for reflecting a variety of stakeholders' opinions to achieve both excellence and equity based on equalization policy. The rationale behind the equalization policy begin sublating open competition based on a merit system for the purpose of equally distributing high school educational opportunities. Through equalization policy, decision-makers try to achieve their intention of overcoming excessive private education and abnormal operation. Giving students the equal educational opportunity is important foundation for realizing inherent value of school education. It is important for students that the right of school choice is guaranteed to procure an excellence in education and to move toward the school as a learning community. Also, the rationale of equalization policy should not be ignored in pursue of promoting the public service of school and guaranteeing educational equity. Under the logic of equalization policy, effort to guarantee excellence and equal educational opportunity must be accomplished together. But it is difficult in reality to guarantee excellence in education and educational equity at the same time. Therefore, compatibility of excellence and equity leaves room for dispute. Still, efforts are needed to promote diversification of educational system, to emphasize school accountability and to respect school autonomy. General plans for achieving an excellence and equity together in reality can be summarized as follows; first, complement and enlargement of independent private high school policy; second, giving opportunity of school choice in equalization districts; third, diversification and liberalization of high school system; fourth, diversification of educational programs in schools.