북한 역사교과서에 나타난 국사 인식

Abstract

In North Korea, the ultimate goal of history education has been training its students as the socialist revolutionaries. The Chu Che Thought(주체사상), North Korean version of Marxism, is the principle of historical interpretation. Thus, people's struggle for securing independence, associated with class struggle and anti-imperialistic war, has been regarded as the prime mover of historical development. History textbooks in North Korea, Choseon Ryuksa(조선력사), are not exceptional in their interpretative scheme. The Chu Che Thought system, as the most scientific method of historical explanation, has applied to every aspect of historical description such as periodization, the rise of capitalistic trend and modern independent movement. Among others, the textbooks show following distinctive aspects which are difficult to find in the history textbooks in South Korea; 1. Periodization is based on Marxism. 2. The degree of revolutionary contribution is the sole criterion to judge the importance of historical facts. 3. The history of the northern part is relatively more emphasized. 4. Kim, Il Sung's family played a major role in the anti-imperialistic movement in the history of the modern Korea. The differences between the textbooks in North Korea and those in South Korea are tremendous. They are basically originated from ideological differences and research works which complies with them. Now, it is the time that we sincerely seek to restore national homogeneity and overcome two-Korean-problems through history education.