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Recurrent/metastatic thyroid carcinomas false negative for serum thyroglobulin but positive by posttherapy I-131 whole body scans

Cited 58 time in Web of Science Cited 66 time in Scopus
Authors

Park, Eun-Kyung; Chung, June-Key; Lim, Il Han; Park, Do Joon; Lee, Myung Chul; Cho, Bo Youn; Lee, Dong Soo

Issue Date
2009-02
Publisher
SPRINGER
Citation
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING; Vol.36 2; 172-179
Keywords
Differentiated thyroid carcinomaMetastasisThyroglobulinI-131 whole body scanRecurrence
Abstract
Purpose Serum Tg and I-131 WBS have been used to detect recurrent and metastatic thyroid cancers postoperatively. Tg is known to be more sensitive than I-131 WBS, and therefore, false-negative WBS cases with elevated Tg levels are frequently found. However, the clinical characteristics of false-negative Tg cases with positive WBS have not been clarified. Materials and methods The authors evaluated 824 postoperative patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma who underwent post-ablation/therapy I-131 WBS. Tg negativity was defined as a Tg level of <= 2 ng/mL without TgAb under thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulation. Remission, recurrence, and metastasis were confirmed using pathologic or clinically findings. Results Fifty-two patients (6.3%) with functioning metastasis and negativity for TgAb were Tg-negative and posttherapy I-131 WBS-positive (TgN group), and 128 patients with functioning metastases were Tg positive and WBS positive (TgP group). The TgN group consisted of 45 cases of cervical/mediastinal lymph node metastases (86.5%) and seven cases of distant metastasis to lung or bone by follow-up WBS. The TgN group demonstrated significantly higher profiles of regional involvement than the TgP group (P<0.029). In 47 patients in the TgN group, metastatic uptake disappeared in 33, ameliorated in four, and persisted in ten during follow-up. Conclusions A significant number of differentiated thyroid cancer patients were Tg-/TgAb-negative despite a positive WBS finding. Cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes were predominant sites of metastasis in the TgN group. WBS should be undertaken routinely as a complementary modality to detect functioning recurrence and metastasis regardless of serum Tg results.
ISSN
1619-7070
Language
English
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/76374
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-008-0912-0
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