원칙과 현실의 긴장 - 소비에트 권력 최초 10년간(1918-28) 고등 교육기관의 계급주의적 전환에 나타난 제 문제

Abstract

This paper examines problems of reforming higher education during the first decade of Soviet power. The Bolsheviks felt it necessary to thoroughly revise the curricula and the social composition of higher educational institutions in order to create red specialists" who could faithfully contribute to the construction of socialism in Russia. By opening the gate of higher education to the working classes they thought it possible to create loyal cadres which the regime urgently needed. Unlike some western and Russian historians who have excessively praised the changes in the social composition of higher educational institutions as a great achievement and described the process as having taken place without any struggle, this paper rather tries to show, by means of publications in the field as well as archive materials, the inherent problems in transforming higher edu- cation.

By doing so, it will show how the unstable blueprint of Bolshevik initial education reform was replaced by Stalins Cultural Revolution.