"스타하노프운동가" 만들기: 국가권력과 민중의 상호작용을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper examines the bilateral reaction between the state and the people during the Stalin's regime by concentrating the attention on Stakhanovists, Soviet heroes in the production field. It could be hardly deniable that the state had a dominant position in this process of hero making, because it had controlled most of material and human resources. But the process should not be interpreted as a one-way. The state and workers interacted each other in the procedure of creation of Soviet

working heroes. Even among the workers themselves, the reaction was not unilateral as to the relation to the Stakhanovites. Some workers were very actively

participating in transforming themselves into the Stakhanovites. As soon as they began to be called as Stakhanovites, it meant that they were reborn again as new Soviet workers and could have the possibility of enjoying the material benefit. On the contrary, to those who had the least chance of reaching the status of Stakhanovites, the movement was simply a betrayal of the principle of socialism and another form of exploitation of workers. Stakhanovites were from their perspective the enemy of the workers who destroyed the solidarity of the people and contributed to the diffusion of inequality.