韓國의 犯罪空間

Abstract

This attempts to find out the factors influencing criminal behaviours, to analyze the spatial patterns of crime rate with variation in population density, urbanisation rate, and social environment such as wealth, occupation, literacy and unemployment, and to study the regional distribution pattern of criminal behavior in Korea.

The study examined 31 variables of social environment and criminal behaviour of 45 judicial districts. The data were obtained from the Ministry of Domestic Affair and the Judicial office.

The findings are as follows:

1.The crime rate is related to the population mobility, contingency of urbanisation and a decline in social intergration.

2.There is a significant relationship between crime rate and urbanisation, as the more the urvanisation proceeds, the more the crime rate increases. The crime rate varies with the population size, that is, the metropolises such as Seoul, Pusa, and Kwangju have higher crime rates while small cities such as Youngil, Haenam, and Seosan have lower crime rates.

3. A band of high crime rate runs from metropolitan area to suburbans area. Particularly the inner and outer city regions have different crime rates. The inner city region has higher crime rate than the outer city region The high crime rate in inner city account for higher rate of offenders residences, vulnerable built environment and other locational disadvantages.

4.Three factors are identified which explain 61% of total variation. Factor 1 is highly related to economic variables with high factor scores in the area of Seoul, Pusan, and Kwangju. Factor 2 related demographic variables which show positive correlation in metropolitan area and suburban area. Factor 3 has characteristics of high correlation with masculine variables with high scores in the Youngil, Haenam, and Seosan areas.