Glycyrrhizin이 각종약물의 마우스 치사율에 미치는 영향

Abstract

It has been suggested that glycyrrhizin, the active principle of Glycyrrhiza, has the antidotal action against various toxic substances. The effects of glycyrrhizin on mortality rate of mouse challenged with various poisons were evaluated. The chemical studies were also carried out to determine the action mechanism of glycyrrhizin. Following were the results: 1. Oral administration of glycyrrhizin resulted in a marked decrease of mortality rate of mouse challen ged with strychnine nitrate, atropine sulfate and physostigmine salicylate, while no effects against aconitine. morphine hydrochloride, arsenic pentoxide and ephedrine hydrochloride. 2. Intraperitoneal administration of glycyrrhizin resulted in a decrease of mortality rate of mouse challenged with strychnine nitrate. physostigmine salicylate, picrotoxin, tetradotoxin, diphtheria toxin and tetanus toxin. especially in strychnine and physostigmine poisonings. However. no effect was observed against cocaine hydrochloride. atropine sulfate, aconitine. morphine hydrochloride. digitoxin, procaine hydrochloride. barbital sodium. histamine diphosphate, mercury bichloride and arsenic pentoxide. The mortality rate of mouse challenged with ca· Heine and sodium benzoate. ephedrine hydrochloride and tolazoline hydrochloride was, on the contrary, increased. 3. Fifty percent lethal doses of mouse were: 1.555 mg/kg with strychnine nitrate alone , 2.295mg/kg with strychnine nitrate and glycyrrhizin. 0.950 mg/kg with physostigmine salicylate alone. 1.285 mg/kg with phy sostigmine salicylate and glycyrrhizin,6.39 mg/kg with picrotoxin alone. 8.14 mg/kg with picrotoxin and glycyrrhizin. 662.5 mg/kg with caffeine and sodium benzoate alone , 445.5 mg/kg with caffeine and sodium benzoate and glycyrrhizin , and 515.0 mg/kg with ephedrine hydrochloride alone , 498.0 mg/kg with ephedrine hydrochloride and glycyrrhizin, 4. Similar effects were also observed in mortality rate of gold-fish. 5. The effects of glycyrrhizin were compared with those of glycyrrhetinic acid and glucuronic acid , hydrolytes of glycyrrhizin. The principal action of glycyrrhizin appeared to originate from glycyrrhizin molecule itself. 6. Slower absorption of Fe59 in mouse occurred when the mixture of isotope and glycyrrhizin was given orally, while no difference in the rate of absorption was observed upon subcutaneous administration. 7. Glycyrrhizin was very active in blocking Meyer s reaction of various alkaloids 8. Glycyrrhizin appeared to decrease the detectable amounts of alkaloids precipitated by ammonium reineckate; to a greater extent in strychnine nitrate and atropine sulfate, and to a lesser extent in aconitine and cocaine hydrochloride. 9. When glycyrrhizin was added to the saturated alkaloid solutions, the changes in solubilities occurred; considerable decrease in strychnine and atropine, no changes in cocaine and aconitine, and slight increase in ephedrine and caffeine. 10. When glycyrrhizin was directly mixed with various alkaloids , precipitating reaction occurred only with strychnine. 11. From these chemical studies, glycyrrhizin ap peared to form complexes with various agents and to exert influences on their solubilities.