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Political Islam: Moderation or Radicalism? Case Study of Political Islam with Respect to Lebanon Hezbollah

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Authors

Simbar, Reza; Zibaei, Mehdi

Issue Date
2011-06
Publisher
Institute of International Affairs, Graduate School of International Studies, Seoul National University
Citation
Journal of International and Area Studies, Vol.18 No.1, pp. 65-86
Keywords
Political IslamIslamic FundamentalismSecularismModerationRadicalismLebanon Hezbollah
Abstract
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, bloody wars that arose as a result of separation in Yugoslavia (among the Christian Serbs and the Muslim Bosnians), the 2001 terrorist attacks to the World Trade Center in New York and finally the victory of Islam-based movements to achieve power in Islamic countries (such as the Welfare party in Turkey, Islamic Saving Association in Aljazeer) resulted in concerns about the possibility of a second cold war by the Western people. In this new cold war, the opposing parties are not communism and liberalism but rather it is the Armageddon among the political Islam (as a divine school) and Western secularism ideology (as human school). In this war, the recent thought has its root in the open mind age of philosophical, cultural and scientific history of the West and more than 200 years of modernism where most of the thinking, belief, epistemology and ontology of west are formed on this basis. Meanwhile any political activity of Islamic countries at the international level that is on the opposition of secular principles of Western countries is regarded as Islamic fundamentalism in the West camp and the movement of the political Islam is regarded as a subsidiary and unprecedented issue in the study of the policies of the Islamic countries. The important point is that there is a basic difference among political Islam and Islamic fundamentalism and in this way the method and approach of Islamism should be noted in order to obtain Islamic rules and regulations at national and international level. Some western thinkers do not recognized any difference among these two movements and regard them as identical. Therefore, the governments in Western countries approach the region in the same manner. It is to be noted that when the issue of political Islam is raised, this aspect of Islam is neither integrated nor concentrated as its religious aspect and we are faced with a vast range in which there is liberal Islam oriented and democrat people on one hand and fundamentalists, on the other hand. In order to apply Islamic rules and regulations by authorities, they do not neglect any action even if it may be on the opposition of Islamic rules and regulations. A question is raised here as to which between the Moderation and Radicalism approaches are more successful in obtaining sovereignty of Islam at the national level and finally in defending Islam at the international level and whether they have achieved the aforesaid goals. The present article intends to find answers to the aforesaid question with respect to the epistemological and historical point of view and analyze the activities and the effects of Lebanon Hezbollah on domestic policy of Lebanon and available regional policy in the Middle East.
ISSN
1226-8550
Language
English
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/96516
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