근대 한국유학사의 형성 - 장지연의 <조선유교연원>을 중심으로

Abstract

한국 유학사를 어떻게 쓸 것인가? 광복 70주년이 넘은 지금 이 물음을 둘러싼 情調는 다소 비장하다. 근대 한국학 지식의 중요한 일부분으로서 한국 유학사 지식의 학문적 체계화 작업은 여전히 미완의 과제로 남아 있기 때문이다. 이를테면 崔英成은 한국 유학 연구의 문제점으로 인물 중심 연구, 경학 연구 부진, 문중 유학의 폐단 등을 거론한 바 있다. 또 한국 유학사 서술의 문제점으로 목적의식의 불명, 사관에 대한 성찰의 결여, 역사 서술 방법의 미숙, 사상과 사회의 관계에 대한 무관심, 성리학에 집중된 서술 등을 거론한 바 있다. 이와 같은 문제점은 과연 지금 모두 해결되었다고 할 수 있을까?

This paper is to examine the formation of the modern studies on the history of Korean Confucianism, focusing on Jang JiYeon(張志淵)s JoseonYukyoYeonweon(朝鮮儒敎淵源), the first book of this kind in the modern Korea. This book has been considered as the primary source book rather than research book. Little interest was in the modern achievement of this book in this field. But can we find no modern historical knowledge in it? This paper approaches this book from this question, and reaches following conclusions. First, there was long tradition to compile works on the history of Korean Confucianism in Joseon Korea, but unlike those works to produce only hagiographical knowledge this book has displayed specific views of history of Korean Confucianism. Second, this book took pessimistic view that Korean Confucianism had declined since the reign of the king Jeongjo(正祖) and Sunjo(純祖), originating from the work titled AdongDohakWeonlyuseo (我東道學源流敍) by Shim Ki Taek(沈琦澤). Third, this book take three parts in it, and each part has different level of completeness. The so called Yi Hwang(李滉)-centered geneology is central to the first part, the factional contrast of conservatism in Yi Yi(李珥) School and reformism in Yi Hwang(李滉) School is core in the second part. This book offered as key points of Korean Confucianism Yi Hwang-centered geneology and the factionalism between different schools. Last, the basic structure of this book can be found in the book titled JoseonYuhaksa(朝鮮儒學史) by Hyeon Sang Yun(玄相允) shortly after the liberation of 1945. Through JoseonYuhaksa the academic influence of this book was strengthened.