Analysis of Environmental Regulations and National Culture on International Trade and Technology Transfer

Abstract

This dissertation consists of two essays which anlyze technology commercialization on global market. After technology developed, it flows global market through two channels

products and technology transfer. Two essays investigated international trade and international technology transfers saperately. Although the topic has been discussed for serveral decades, these essays investigate unexplored research question taking into account the endogenious characteristics of knowledge and national cuture. First essay empirically analyzes international trade (Essay I). Especially the relation between regulations and trades are investigates. Regulations have two contradictory effects. Regulation has negative effect on compliance sectors. On the other, regulation induce innovation. For this, the first essay employes environmental regulations. Environmental regulations negatively affect compliance manufacturers under static conditions. However, under dynamic conditions, environmental regulations induce environmental innovation and compliance manufacturers adopt the environmental innovation. In first essay, the static and dynamic effect of environmental regulations on international trade is explored using OECD data. Second essay analyzes international technology transfers (Essay II). The essay focuses on the relation between technology transfer and national cultures. National cultures influence social attitudes towards adopting technology from foreign countries and understating the transferred technology. However, the role of national cultures in technology transfer is not sufficiently explored. Using 46 countries data, the direct effect of national culture and their moderating effects on technology transfer across border is investigated in second essay.