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Analysis of the Colombian Program for Economic Reintegration of Members of Illegal Armed Groups (2008 – 2016)

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dc.contributor.advisor에릭 모브랜드-
dc.contributor.author안젤라-
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-03T01:32:55Z-
dc.date.available2018-12-03T01:32:55Z-
dc.date.issued2018-08-
dc.identifier.other000000152221-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/143614-
dc.description학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 국제대학원 국제학과(국제지역학전공), 2018. 8. 에릭 모브랜드.-
dc.description.abstractThe signing and approval of the peace agreement with the FARC guerrilla in Colombia has placed the peacebuilding initiatives as a first priority for the Government. On the most relevant angles of this process is the economic reintegration of ex combatants as one of the factor that will have a direct influence in the long-term sustainability of the recently achieved peace.

The economic reintegration strategy of Colombia is a program created as part of the reintegration policy in 2008 and requires a close work with the private sector to promote the hiring of ex combatants and the joint work with the micro businesses they create with the help of the Colombian Government, however the companies are not always willing to engage in mainly political issues like the guerrilla conflict.

After almost 10 years of implementation, the economic reintegration program will be tested again with the collective reintegration of the FARC members setting the perfect moment to make a revision of the results and propose improvements to achieve a more sustainable reintegration process and long term peace.

According to this, the present paper analyses through different tools the level of success of the Colombian economic reintegration program based on the hypothesis that the set of market solutions established for facilitating the economic reintegration of ex combatants havent been sufficient to achieve a successful inclusion in the labor market and to promote the massive participation of the private sector.

The main findings suggest that even if the reintegration policy and the economic reintegration program have been well structured, following the international standards, theres still room for improvement in its implementation strategy as well as in the monitoring and evaluation systems.



Keywords: Colombia armed conflict, peacebuilding, FARC guerilla, private sector and peacebuilding, economic reintegration of ex combatants, DDR.

Student Number: 2016 - 27861
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dc.description.tableofcontentsTable of Contents

Abstract .............................................................................................................. i

List of Tables ................................................................................................. vi

List of Figures ............................................................................................... vii



I. Introduction ................................................................................. 1

1. Motivation .......................................................................................... 1

2. Literature Review ............................................................................... 3

2.1 The Role of the Private Sector in a Peacebuilding Process .................... 5

a. Economic Reintegration of Ex Combatants ...................................... 7

3. Theoretical Framework ....................................................................... 8

3.1 Market and Non-Market Options for Economic Reintegration .............. 9

3.2 A Comprehensive Definition of Peace ................................................... 11

4. Purpose of the Research ................................................................... 13

5. Research Methodology ..................................................................... 14

6. Definition of terms ............................................................................ 17



II. Private Sector and Peacebuilding in Colombia ........................ 18

1. Historical Analysis .............................................................................. 19

2. Participation of the Private Sector in the Colombian Conflict ............ 23

3. Why the Private Sector Engages in Peacebuilding in Colombia? ..... 27

4. Public and Private Sector Roles in Peacebuilding ............................ 30



III. The Reintegration of Ex Combatants in Colombia .................... 32

1. The Colombian National Policy of Social and Economic Reintegration for Members of Illegal Armed Groups ............................................... 33

1.1 The Participation of Ex Combatants ...................................................... 35

2. The Economic Reintegration Program ...................................................... 36

2.1 Low Levels of Formal Education for Demobilized ............................. 37

2.2 Limited or Non-Existent Experience and Training for Work .............. 37

2.3 The Strategy ......................................................................................... 38

3. Relevance of Economic Reintegration for Peacebuilding .................... 39



IV. Evaluation of the Economic Reintegration Program ............... 40

1. Positioning and Participation .............................................................. 42

2. Results ................................................................................................ 44

2.1 Training for Work ................................................................................... 45

2.2 The Occupation Status of Beneficiaries ................................................. 46

2.3 Employability of Ex Combatants ........................................................... 47

2.4 The Business Plans ................................................................................. 49

3. Analysis of the Results of the Economic Reintegration Program ...... 52

4. Findings ............................................................................................ 58

4.1 Participation in the Program ................................................................... 58

4.2 Training for Work ................................................................................... 59

4.3 Employability ......................................................................................... 59

4.4 The Business Plans ................................................................................. 61

4.5 ACR Management .................................................................................. 61

4.6 Program Sustainability ........................................................................... 62

4.7 The Private Sector Participation – Perception Survey Results ............... 63



V. Recommendations and Conclusion ................................................ 72

1. A Proposal for Improving the Economic Reintegration Program ....... 72

1.1 PEST Analysis ........................................................................................ 74

1.2 SWOT Analysis ...................................................................................... 77

1.3 Improvement Proposal Based on the Balanced Scorecard Model .......... 77

a. Participation in the Program .......................................................... 83

b. Training for Work .......................................................................... 84

c. Business Plans ................................................................................ 84

d. ACR Management and Program Sustainability ............................. 85

e. The Private Sector Participation..................................................... 85

2. Conclusion ........................................................................................... 86

VI. References ................................................................................................. 89

VII. Appendix ................................................................................................. 97
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dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.mediumapplication/pdf-
dc.language.isoen-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subject.ddc307-
dc.titleAnalysis of the Colombian Program for Economic Reintegration of Members of Illegal Armed Groups (2008 – 2016)-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.contributor.affiliation국제대학원 국제학과(국제지역학전공)-
dc.date.awarded2018-08-
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