Gelation of PEO-PLGA-PEO Triblock Copolymers Induced by Macroscopic Phase Separation

Abstract

The gelation behavior of aqueous solutions of poly(ethylene oxide-b-(dl-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-b-ethylene oxide) (PEO−PLGA−PEO) triblock copolymer containing short hydrophilic PEO end blocks is investigated using dynamic light scattering, rheology, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For polymer concentrations between 5 and 35 wt %, four distinct regions of the turbidity change depending on temperature were observed. Interestingly, in the turbid solution region, gel phase is formed for polymer concentrations above 14 wt % and an extremely slow relaxation was detected. In fact, a power law, which takes into account the dynamics of percolation clusters, dominates the correlation function. In rheological measurements, the local maximum in G is observed at around the temperature of maximum turbidity. We further found that G > G and G is highly dependent on frequency at the gel state implying viscoelastic characteristics, which is quite different from general concepts of gels, typically formed by the micellar packing. SANS profiles showing multiple peaks in the sol state rather than in the gel state as well as a DSC exotherm at the temperature of gels can also serve as the evidence of different gel states. Based upon the experimental data obtained in the present study, a new gelation mechanism induced by the macroscopic phase separation of triblock copolymers containing short hydrophilic PEO end blocks such as PEO−PLGA−PEO is proposed. The effect of the type of hydrophobic middle blocks on the gelation is also discussed.