The Biologic Stability of Alumina-Zirconia Implant Abutments After 1 Year of Clinical Service: A Digital Subtraction Radiographic Evaluation

Abstract

The purpose of the present clinical study was to evaluate the biologic stability of alumina-zirconia implant abutments by histologic and radiographic examination. Nineteen partially edentulous patients were treated with 37 external-hexagon implants. After a healing period of 3 to 6 months, alumina-zirconia abutments were connected and restored with cemented single crowns or short-span fixed partial dentures. Periapical radiographs were taken at the time of prosthesis delivery and after 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up. Crestal alveolar bone level changes were assessed by digital subtraction of consecutive images, and 1-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. No implant, abutment, or restoration failed during the observation period. Bone level changes were statistically insignificant and histologic examination revealed no signs of inflammation. Stable and healthy soft and hard tissue conditions may be expected around alumina-zirconia abutments after 1 year of clinical service. However, long-term data are needed to confirm the present results.