의학곤충의 살충제저항성에 관한 연구 제3편 한국모기의 살충제 감수성에 대하여

Abstract

Resistance to an insecticide was first recorded 1945, in housefly. Since that time, ~ the number of insect species of public health importance resist to one or more insecticide has been increased year to year. The first signs of weakening in effectiveness of DDT against A. sacharoui appeared in Greece in 1951. The development of other DDT-resistant anopelines ---nmaely, A. quadrimaculatus in the U.S.A., A. sundaicus in Indonesia and A. stephensi in Iran, resulted in a recrudescence of malaria transmission. Dieldrin- resistance in A.gambiae in Noethern Nigeria and Liberia has rendered dieldrin useless for malaria eradication there. With regard to the resistance of Culex pipiens pallens in the Far Eest, in 1954., the 406th Medical General Laboratory, U.S. Army reported that the Culex PiPiens larvae collected from various localities in Japan developed a remarkable resistance to 3/2 - 38-' - D.S. Koo: Studies on Insecticide Resistance of Medical Insects- DDT, lindane and malation as compared with the normal culex colonies at the Orlando Laboratory,Fla., U.S.A. In 1960, Paik reported that the Seoul strain of C. pipiens has not developed resistance to insecticides so markedly. Quite recently, Suzuki & Mizutani reported that C. pipiens in Tokyo seemed to have got more and more resistant to DDT, lindane and dieldrin with years, perhaps because of occasional application of these insecticides. During the mosquito season of 1964, the author carried out this studies in order to ascertain the present situation of susceptibility of Anepheles sinensis, Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes vexans nipponii, the most common nuisance or vector in Korea. The susceptibility of larvae of A. sinensis and C. pipiens to p,p'-DDT, r-BHC and malathion was tested in lab oratory by the dipping method. The test for adult A. sinensis, C. pipiens and Ae. uexans nipponii were carried out by the Busvine-Nash method. Some of important results so far obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The LC-50 of A. sinensis to insecticides were 0.027 ppm in p,p'-DDT, 0.074 ppm in r-BHC and 0.065 ppm in malathion. The LC-50 of C. pipiens to insecticides were 0.064 ppm in p,p'-DDT, 0.030 ppm in r-BHC and 0.029 ppm in malathion. 2. The resistance of both of two species larvae have not been arisen as compared with the results observed in other part of the Far East received heavy insecticidal applications. 3. The LC-50 of A. sinensis to p,p' - DDT and dieldrin were 1.33% and 0.09%. In C. pipiens, the LC-50 to p,p'-DDT and dieldrin were 2.16%.and 0.28%. In Ae. rexans nipponii, the LC-50 to p,p'-DDT and dieldrin were 2.16% and 0.31%. C. pipiens showed to be most tolerant to DDT and Ae. oexans nipponii was the next. and A. sinensis was most susceptible to dieldrin. 4. In comparison with the data obtained in other countries, it was observed that adult mosquitoes of thses three species were still susceptible to DDT and dieldrin.