19세기 후반 타슈켄트 도시공간의 구조와 러시아 제국 권력의 재현

Abstract

This article attempts to examine the spatial structure of Tashkent as a

colonial city and the capital of Turkestan Government-Generalship of the

Russian Empire. Capitals are distinguished from other cities because they

function as a special site for the representation political power. After having

been conquered by force, Tashkent became the capital city of Turkestan

Government-Generalship and a political, administrative, military, and cultural

center for colonial rule of the Russian Empire in Central Asia. Tsarist

officials tried to transplant St. Petersburg, the imperial capital, into Tashkent.

The Russian government constructed a modern and new city on the right side

of the old city of the ancient Silk Road, instead of entering the urban space

of old civilization. In doing so, the Russian government separated the new

city from the old one. This article intends to examine not only the characters

of Tashkents spatial structure itself but also how its urban space was

reconstituted by the Russian colonial rule, in other words, the properties of

Turkestan policy of the Russian Empire. In conclusion, this paper argues that

'modern' urban space constructed by Russian Empire in Tashkent, in fact was

not only 'pre-modern' space projected on the aspirations, fear, ignorance of

ruling powers in the colony, but also 'paradoxical' space based on the

isolation of the indigenous peoples.