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Potential gene flow from genetically modified oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to its relatives : 형질전환 유채와 근연종간의 유전자이동 가능성
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 김도순 (Do-Soon Kim) | - |
dc.contributor.author | 장전걸 | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-07-13T17:39:12Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2017-07-13T17:39:12Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2015-08 | - |
dc.identifier.other | 000000067247 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10371/121007 | - |
dc.description | 학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 식물생산과학부, 2015. 8. 김도순 (Do-Soon Kim). | - |
dc.description.abstract | Both greenhouse and field studies to evaluate gene flow from GM Brassica napus to its relatives were conducted in the Exprimental Farm Station of Soeul National University, Suwon, Korea. The greenhouse study was conducted for setting up basic experimental conditions and then field studies were conducted to quantify the potential gene flow from GM Brassica napus to its relatives under different pollination conditions. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) and herbicide resistance (glufosinate-ammonium) markers were used for confirming F1 hybrids resulted from outcrossing between GM B. napus and its relatives. The experimental data clearly demonstrated the possibility of gene flow from GM B. napus to its relatives such as B. napus and B. juncea in the field condition, but showed no gene flow to Raphanus sativus. Under simulated favorite pollination by synchronizing flowering time and placing honeybee hive, the potential gene flow from GM B. napus to its relatives was evaluated. To MS relatives, it was estimated to be 32.48% and 21.95% to MS B. napus and MS B. juncea, respectively, at 2 m distance, and decreased with increasing distance, reaching 0.3% and 0.25%, respectively, at 128 m distance. In contrast, to male fertile (MF) relatives, the potential gene flow was estimate to be 2.33% and 0.076% to MF B. napus and MF B. juncea, respectively, at 2 m distance and decreased to 0.007% for MF B. napus at 75 m and 0.025% for MF B. juncea at 16 m distance. Therefore, the gene flow rates to MS relatives at 2 m distance were 16 times for B. napus and 288 times for B. juncea greater than the gene flow rate to FM relatives, suggesting big difference between the maximum potential gene flow and the practical gene flow.
The three-parameter log-logistic model well described gene flows against distance, indicating that the suitability of the equations for prediction of gene flow rate at a specified distance. Isolation distances between GM B. napus and its GM relatives were then recommended based on the model and the tolerable threshold (0.01%) made by EU. The isolation distance for less than 0.01% gene flow from GM B. napus was esimted to be 2710 m and 254 m for MS B. napus and B. juncea, respectively, and 122.5 m and 23.7 m for MF B. napus and B. juncea, respectively. Our studies would provide informative reference values and scientific basis for risk assessment of gene flow from GM B. napus to its relatives under Korean climatic condition. The modeled equation will also provide scientific evidence for the determination of isolation distance and the regulation of GM crops cultivation. | - |
dc.description.tableofcontents | GENERAL ABSTRACT................................................................................i
CONTENTS..................................................................................................iii LIST OF FIGURES.....................................................................................vii LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................x GENERAL INTRODUCTION.....................................................................1 GENERAL OBJECTIVES ..........................................................................5 LITERATURE REVIEW.............................................................................6 GMOs and gene flow.......................................................................................6 Taxonomy of Brassica species........................................................................6 Outcrossing events between B.napus and its relatives.....................................8 Factors affecting gene flow…………………………….…….......................15 Methods for detecting gene flow……………………...................................17 Case studies of GM B.napus in other countries….........................................22 Recommended isolation distance..………………………….......................29 Modeling of gene flow..………………….…................................................32 REFERENCE..………………….…............................................................33 CHAPTER I. Quantifying maximum potential gene flow from Brassica napus to its male sterile relatives under greenhouse and field conditions ABSTRACT…………………………...……………………….…..…….45 INTRODUCTION………………………..……………………………...47 MATERIALS AND METHODS…….……..……..…….……………...50 Plant materials………………………….………..……………………......50 Experimental design……...……………..…………..……….....................50 Determination of gene flow rate………….…………..……………..…....51 Statistical analysis……………..………….…………...…….....................53 RESULTS………………………..……….……………………………....55 Gene flow in the greenhouse study…………….……...………………..55 Synchrony of flowering period ……………………….…...……………..55 Bumblebees visit…………………………….……...…….....................…55 Pods setting rate……………………………….…………..……………...56 Determination of calibration factor and gene flow rate.…………….........56 Gene flow in the field study………………………………..………...….61 Synchrony of flowering period ………………..…………...…………….61 Honeybees visit…………………………………………….......................61 Pods setting rate…………………………………………….……….....…61 Determination of calibration factor and gene flow rate…….…………….62 DISCUSSIONS…………………………………………….………….…66 Greenhouse model case study ………………………………................…66 Potential gene flow under field condition……………….......................…67 REFERENCE…………………………………………………………....69 CHAPTER II. Quantifying potential gene flow from GM Brassica napus to its relatives under field conditions ABSTRACT……………………………………….……………….…….72 INTRODUCTION…………….…………………..……………………..74 MATERIALS AND METHODS………………….……....................…77 Plant materials……………………………………….…............................77 Determination of glufosinate-ammonium dose for herbicide screening.....79 Greenhouse screening of hybrids in progeny………………......................81 PCR analysis………………………………………………………….…..81 Statistical analysis………………………………………………….….….83 RESULTS…………………………………………………………..….…84 Synchrony of flowering period………………….……………………..…84 Honeybee visit …………………………………………………….……..84 Survival rate and determination of hybrid rate…………………….….….88 Gene flow rate from GM oilseed rape to its relatives……….....................92 Estimation of potential gene flow…………………………………….…..94 DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………....97 Non-GM B. napus (♀) × GM B. napus (♂)………………………...…........98 Non-GM B. juncea (♀) × GM B. napus (♂)…………...…………………...99 Non-GM R. sativus (♀) × GM B. napus (♂)……………..……………….100 REFERENCE…………………………………………………………..104 CHAPTER III. Modeling of maximum potential gene flow from genetically modified Brassica napus to its male sterile relatives under open and wind pollination conditions ABSTRACT……………………..…………….…………………….….108 INTRODUCTION…………...…………………………….…………...110 MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………...................…113 Plant materials…………………………………………………………...113 Field design……………………………………………………………...113 Identification of hybrids……………………………………………....…115 PCR analysis……………………………………………………….……115 Statistical analysis………………………………………………….……116 RESULTS……………………………………………….........................117 Synchrony of flowering period………….………………………….…...117 Honeybee visit ………………………………………………………......117 Determination of pods setting rate……………………………………....120 Correlations between the parameters………………………....................124 Determination of calibration factors rate……………………………......124 Gene flow rate from GM B. napus to its non-GM MS relatives………...130 Estimate of honeybee-mediated gene flow…………………...................130 Modeling of gene flow under different pollination conditions………….133 DISCUSSION………………………………………………………......139 Outcrossing………………………………………………………….…..139 Factors affecting gene flow……………………………………………...140 Determination of calibration factors………………………………….....142 Modeling of gene flow under open and wind pollination conditions…...143 REFERENCE……………………………………………….……….…145 GENERAL CONCLUSION……………...………………...……………149 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN………………………………….………...…150 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......................................................................152 | - |
dc.format | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.extent | 3925281 bytes | - |
dc.format.medium | application/pdf | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.publisher | 서울대학교 대학원 | - |
dc.subject | 유채 | - |
dc.subject | 갓 | - |
dc.subject | 유전자 이동 | - |
dc.subject | 형질전환 | - |
dc.subject | 모델링 | - |
dc.subject | 수분 | - |
dc.subject | 무 | - |
dc.subject | 위험성평가 | - |
dc.subject.ddc | 633 | - |
dc.title | Potential gene flow from genetically modified oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to its relatives | - |
dc.title.alternative | 형질전환 유채와 근연종간의 유전자이동 가능성 | - |
dc.type | Thesis | - |
dc.description.degree | Doctor | - |
dc.citation.pages | xii, 153 | - |
dc.contributor.affiliation | 농업생명과학대학 식물생산과학부 | - |
dc.date.awarded | 2015-08 | - |
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