Examining Cloze Tests as a Measure of Linguistic Complexity in L2 Writing

Abstract

Given that cloze tests are strongly associated with learners writing proficiency, the present study examines the relationship between cloze test scores and specific linguistic features in second language (L2) writing. We investigate whether cloze tests can adequately and reliably measure linguistic features of syntactic and lexical complexity in L2 writing. Furthermore, the present study investigates the effect of the scoring method and L2 proficiency level on the relationship between cloze test scores and linguistic complexity features. Analysis of 60 students writing compositions found the syntactic and lexical complexity features in length-related measures, complex nominals, and lexical variation to be significantly correlated with their cloze test scores. There was no significant difference in the effects of the two scoring methods. Also, cloze tests were most informative for high-level learners and least informative for intermediate-level learners. Implications for the use of cloze tests as a diagnostic measure in L2 writing classrooms are provided.