Multi-objective Optimization for Bus Network Design Problem Using Pareto Optimal

Abstract

Public transportation is a service that provides access to various opportunities and can reduce the mobility gap through efficient network design. However, services are concentrated in a specific area considering economic efficiency, resulting in spatial imbalances in services and inefficiency to users. In this study, bus network design algorithms were presented, including operators, users, and public aspects. An efficiency of operators and users and the competitiveness of public transportation between modes and areas were considered. Toy network was organized according to the urban network topology and demand pattern, and the analysis was performed by applying the algorithm of this study. The applicability of the algorithm was confirmed through the actual network. An improved network could be derived from both operators and the public compared to previous research focused on operational efficiency. Suggested a method to select and apply Pareto optimal according to the planner's judgment. The bus network design algorithm in this study can be used as a means of decision criteria and it can be applied to cities that require a balanced network supply with limited resources.