A phase II study of epirubicin, cisplatin and capecitabine combination chemotherapy in patients with metastatic or advanced gastric cancer

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activity and safety of an epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine (ECX) combination in patients with metastatic or advanced gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: Patients with metastatic or advanced measurable gastric adenocarcinoma received ECX combination chemotherapy. Epirubicin 50 mg/m(2) and cisplatin 60 mg/m(2) were administered on day 1 by intravenous injection. Capecitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily was administered orally on day 1-14. The cycle was repeated every 3 weeks. Results: Fifty-four patients were enrolled in this study. Fifty patients were assessable for responses and 53 for toxicity. A total of 250 cycles were administered. The overall best response rate by intent-to-treat analysis was 59% including 52% partial responses and 7% complete responses. Median response duration and time to progression was 5.8 and 6 months, respectively. Median survival for all patients was 9.6 months (95% Cl, 8.7-10.5 months). The most common grade 3/4 hematological adverse event was neutropenia in 31% (76 cycles) including febrile neutropenia in 4.8% (11 cycles). Non-hematological toxicity was generally mild and reversible. Grade 3/4 nausea, vomiting and stomatitis occurred in 8, 9, and 8% of the patients, respectively. Hand-foot skin reactions developed in 51% of patients, but most were self-limited. Grade 3 occurred in only 4%. One patient died of neutropenic sepsis. Conclusions: ECX combination regimen showed high anti-tumor activity with a tolerable toxicity pattern as a front-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic or advanced gastric cancer. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.