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Rethinking Scholarship of International Scholarship as Development Aid : 탈식민주의 관점에서 바라본 국제 장학금: 공적개발원조를 중심으로
A Postcolonial Approach

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.advisorYOO Sung Sang-
dc.contributor.authorEva Marie Wang-
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-20T07:50:22Z-
dc.date.available2022-04-20T07:50:22Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.other000000168451-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/178926-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000168451ko_KR
dc.description학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 사범대학 협동과정 글로벌교육협력전공, 2021.8. YOO Sung Sang.-
dc.description.abstractDespite being a long-standing, prominent and controversial aid, international scholarship remains as an understudied subject of inquiry within the international development field. Research on the topic is still in a state of academic infancy and merely gaining increasing attention as it rose to become a global target SDG4b in 2015. With this background, the study aims to problematize the research field: uncover the overlooked politics of knowledge concerning its research scholarship and seek to rethink it. Using Postcolonial Theory as critical lens, this study explores how colonial legacies limit the way researchers conceptualize and research international scholarships over the years. To uncover forms of domination, marginalization and resistance within the research field, 167 grey literature, 72 peer-reviewed academic journals and 7 books on the topic of international scholarships from 2000-2020 were examined using Postcolonial Critical Discourse Analysis as methodology. Concepts of Connells Northern/Southern Theory, Alatas Academic Dependency and Captive Mind, De Sousa Santos epistemologies of the North/South were used for analysis. Findings suggest that there is colonial gaze within the research field: dominated by Northern experts as researchers with limited research agendas, theories and approaches under Northern epistemologies. And while there are emerging researches that serve as forms of resistance, these initiatives still remain under Northern epistemologies and missing alternative ways of knowing. These findings imply that without addressing the monological research paradigm, international scholarship research remains parochial, marginalizing Southern epistemologies, perspectives and voices. As a response, the study calls not only to resist status quo by diversifying research agendas or voices, but disrupting colonial research paradigm that is largely unchallenged in the field and to welcome ecologies of knowledges. Aligned with this insight, this dissertation also includes my critical reflexivity as an international scholarship researcher. This reflexivity serves as a meta-critique and contemplation concerning the research process: confronting the colonial nature of my research and re-imagining international scholarship research under alternative paradigm. As recommendation, four international scholarship researches under epistemologies of the South are enumerated at the end of the study for researchers to consider in order to rethink international scholarship research using alternative ways of knowing/being. This dissertation proposes that the entire international scholarship community must sincerely take steps in rethinking the research field beyond colonial paradigm and start re-imagining international scholarship for future possibilities, together.-
dc.description.abstract오랫동안 주요한 논란이 되고 있는 원조이지만, 국제 장학금은 지금도 국제개발 분야에서 연구가 적게 된 주제이다. 이 주제에 대한 연구는 여전히 학술적 초기 단계에 머물러 있으며 2015 년 유엔의 지속가능한 개발목표 (SDG4b) 로 지정되면서 겨우 관심을 얻기 시작했다. 이러한 배경에서, 본 연구는 기존 연구분야를 문제화하여 그동안 간과되어온 지식의 정치적 측면을 발견하고자 한다. 탈식민주의론을 비평적 렌즈로 활용하여 본 연구는 국제 장학금의 식민지 유산이 그동안 어떻게 국제 장학금을 개념화하고 연구하는 방식을 제한해 왔는지 살펴본다. 본 연구에서는 비평적 담론 분석에 대한 탈식민주의적 접근법을 방법론으로 하여, 2000 년부터 2020 년까지 국제 장학금 주제에 대한 167 건의 회색문헌, 72 건의 동료심사를 받은 학술지, 그리고 7 권의 단행본을 검토했다. 연구결과, 기존의 연구문헌들은 북부 중심의 헤게모니를 반영하고 있으며 해당 연구 분야의 연구 의제, 이론, 대표성은 제한적임을 보여준다. 또한 저항이 있긴 하지만 여전히 이러한 연구가 주도적 위치를 차지하고 있다. 이러한 연구결과는 기존의 권력 불균형을 해결하지 않는다면 국제 개발 장학금의 연구는 주로 북부 우위의 관점에서 이루어지고 대안적 관점, 의견 그리고 인식론을 소외시킨다는 사실을 보여준다. 이에 본 연구는 국제 장학금을 재고하는 방식으로서 연구 의제를 다양화하여 기존 헤게모니에 저항할 뿐만 아니라 국제 장학금 연구를 탈식민지화할 것을 요청한다. 이러한 탈식민지화를 위해서는 연구자들이 비평적 의식을 발휘하고 서양중심의 인식론을 넘어서는 다양한 인식론을 사용하는 데 개방적이어야 한다. 제언으로 대안적 인식론을 사용하는 연구을 본 논문의 후반부에 열거했다. 이는 그동안 간과해온 지식의 정치학적 특성을 검토하고 비평적이고 세심한 담론의 전환을 추구함으로써 진정으로 미래의 유망주들을 위한 국제 장학금을 다시 상상할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 본 연구분야를 재고하는 데 한 걸음 나아갈 수 있음을 보여준다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Background 2
1.2. Statement of the Problem 3
1.3. Purpose of the Study 5

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 14
2.1. International Scholarship Research Landscape 14
2.1.1. Multiple Meanings of International Scholarship 15
2.1.2. Three Waves of Research Production: From Pre-2015 to Post-2015 18
2.2. Common Critical Perspectives on International Scholarship 33
2.2.1. Scholarship Aid as Disputed Aid 33
2.2.2. Paradox of Scholarships 42
2.2.3. Post-2015 SDG4b as Incongruent Global Target 52
2.3. The Need for Alternative Critique: Dismantling Politics of Knowledge 55
2.3.1. Challenging the Normativity of the Research Field 55
2.3.2. Putting International Scholarship Research under Postcolonial Lens 57

CHAPTER 3: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 58
3.1. International Scholarship as Devt Aid under Postcolonial Lens 58
3.1.1. Western Vision of Development and Hierarchical Ontologies 59
3.1.2. Knowledge Hierarchy within International Scholarships 60
3.1.3. Rethinking Development towards Otherwise 66
3.2. Epistemologies in Knowledge Production 66
3.2.1. Connells Northern and Southern Theory 66
3.2.2. Alatas Academic Dependency and Captive Mind 69
3.2.3. De Sousa Santos Epistemologies of the North/South 71
3.3. Postcolonial Politics of Voice and Representation in Literature 74
3.3.1. Other as Hegemonic Perspectives and Voices 75
3.3.2. Subaltern Voice as Silenced Perspectives and Voices 76
3.3.3. Re-presentation and Writing Back as Resistance 77
3.4. Conceptual Framework 78

CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY 81
4.1. Methodological Approach 81
4.1.1. Critical Research Paradigm 81
4.1.2. Postcolonial Critical Discourse Analysis as Methodology 83
4.2. Data Collection and Analysis 87
4.2.1. Data Collection: Process and Limitations 88
4.2.2. Data Analysis Process 94
4.3. Transparency, Trustworthiness and Reflexivity 96
4.3.1. Issues on CDA as Methodology 96
4.3.2. Trustworthiness and Transparency 98
4.3.3. Personal, Epistemic and Methodological Reflexivity 99

CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS 110
5.1. Three Research Genres under Northern Lens 112
5.1.1. UNESCO Global Report: Datafication of Aid Donors and Recipients 112
5.1.2. Alumni Tracer Studies: Recipients as Other 127
5.1.3. Academic Literature: Diversification under Northern Lens 139
5.2. Scholarship of Other: Common Themes Across Research Genres 151
5.2.1. Subject-Object Relations 151
5.2.2. Axiology of Productivity and Progress 153
5.2.3. Monologic Research Inquiry 154
5.2.4. Resistance from Within 156
5.3. My Dissertation as Resistance: A Meta-Critique and Contemplation 158
5.3.1. Swimming in the Colonial Unconscious: Confronting Captive Mind 160
5.3.2. Questioning the Critical Scholar in Resistance 162
5.3.3. Scholarship of Liberation: Expanding Radical Imagination 165
5.3.4. Healing Transgenerational Epistemic Trauma 185

CHAPTER 6: DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS 187
6.1. Scholarship of Other: Research under Northern Lens 188
6.1.1. Expert Gaze and Dominance of Northern Agenda 188
6.1.2. Missing Complexities and Vulnerabilities under Northern Lens 192
6.1.3. Erasure under Northern Gaze: Transgenerational Epistemic Violence 195
6.2. International Scholarship Researchers in Resistance 198
6.2.1. Research Diversification under Epistemologies of the North 198
6.2.2. Radical Resistance with Captive Mind: Missing Epistemologies of South 199
6.2.3. Role of Western Research Culture in Limited Rethinking 201
6.3. Scholarship of Otherwise: Rethinking Intl Scholarship Research 204
6.3.1. Epistemic Bayanihan as Ecologies of Knowledges 205
6.3.2. Kapwa (Shared Being) as Relational Ontology 206
6.3.3. Pakikipagkwentuhan (Storytelling) as Inquiry of Shared Vulnerability 207
6.4. Implications 208

CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 211
7.1. Summary 211
7.2. Way Forward: Researching with Alternative Ways of Knowing/Being 215
7.3. Limitations and Future Directions 229
7.4. Conclusion 232

REFERENCES 233
APPENDICES 261
Appendix A: List of International Scholarship Programs 261
Appendix B: List of Literature (Data) 262
Appendix C: Student Movement Advocacy 286
KOREAN ABSTRACT 293
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 294
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dc.format.extentix, 312-
dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectInternational scholarship research-
dc.subjectPostcolonial Theory-
dc.subjectPostcolonial Critical Discourse Analysis-
dc.subjectrethinking-
dc.subjectre-imagining-
dc.subject개발 원조로서 국제 장학금-
dc.subject국제 개발 장학금 연구-
dc.subject탈식민주의론-
dc.subject식민담론-
dc.subject비평적 담론 분석-
dc.subject저항-
dc.subject.ddc370.115-
dc.titleRethinking Scholarship of International Scholarship as Development Aid-
dc.title.alternative탈식민주의 관점에서 바라본 국제 장학금: 공적개발원조를 중심으로-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthor에바마리왕-
dc.contributor.department사범대학 협동과정 글로벌교육협력전공-
dc.description.degree박사-
dc.date.awarded2021-08-
dc.title.subtitleA Postcolonial Approach-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000168451-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000046▲000000000053▲000000168451▲-
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