1928년 식민지 조선 병비충실 운동의 추이와 성격

Abstract

The article examined the progress and characteristics of the Military Preparation Enhancement movement in colonial Korea in 1928. Specifically, it was intended to organize the local communitys Lobby for Military Camp into voluntary public opinion of the entire Joseon under the slogan Military Preparation Enhancement. Lobby for Military Camp was primarily conducted on an individual basis at the local level. However, with the intervention of the Governor-General, it began to strive for a unified public opinion organization for the entire Joseon. The Governor-General gave specific instructions to the representative of the Pyongyang Chamber of Commerce regarding the movements direction. The move was intended to avoid the regional-level interest movement and instead focus on a Military Preparation Enhancement. Additionally, he stated that this would enable the stationing of a division in Pyongyang. The Governor-General tried to organize it with voluntary colonial public opinion backing the expansion of the Japanese Army by utilizing colonial Korea society's development needs. A new organization was formed in the Pyongyang area according to the direction of the Governor-General. In addition, the movements central area was relocated to Kyeongseong to expand its regional scope. Eventually, on June 1, 1928, a meeting with influential people from each region was held. Furthermore, the Joseon Military Preparation Enhancement Supporting Association was formed to support the Army's armament expansion. The Governor-General of Joseon, the Prime Minister of Japan, and the military all responded immediately. However, both the ruling and opposition parties, including the Ministry of the Treasure, expressed disapproval, citing economic and political burdens. In the end, Joseons Military Preparation Enhancement was not realized, and it only sought to strengthen security. On the one hand, there was a lot of criticism leveled at this movement. This pointed out the militaristic nature of the movement, and it was feared that this would hurt colonial rule. Conversely, there were instances of defending and rationalizing the militaristic nature of the Military Preparation Enhancement movement. However, the voices of ordinary Koreans were largely excluded from public opinion. While the guise of Joseons voluntary movement was established, the opinions of the Korean were subject to seizure and censorship. While providing an opportunity for the 'Military Preparation Enhancement' movement and pursuing the formation of militaristic public opinion, the colonial power actively excluded the Korean voices from Joseon.