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Enhancement of Solubility, Cell Penetration, and Stability of Arginine Deiminase Using 30Kc19α for Effective Melanoma Treatment : 효과적인 흑색종 치료를 위한 30Kc19α 기반 아르기닌 디이미나아제의 수용성, 세포투과성, 안정성 증대

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.advisor박태현-
dc.contributor.author박근화-
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-16T06:46:09Z-
dc.date.available2022-06-16T06:46:09Z-
dc.date.issued2022-
dc.identifier.other000000170614-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/181305-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000170614ko_KR
dc.description학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 공과대학 협동과정 바이오엔지니어링전공, 2022.2. 박태현.-
dc.description.abstractArginine deiminase (ADI) is an amino-acid degrading enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine into L-citrulline. ADI originating from Mycoplasma has been reported to present anti-tumor activity against arginine-auxotrophic tumors, including melanoma. Melanoma cells are sensitive to arginine depletion due to reduced expression of argininosuccinate synthase (ASS), a key enzyme for arginine biosynthesis. However, clinical applications of ADI for melanoma treatment present some limitations. Since ADI is not produced by humans, it has a short circulating half-life. The emergence of drug resistance due to the intracellular expression of once-silenced ASS also remains an unsolved problem. Moreover, ADI proteins are mainly expressed as inclusion body forms and require a time-consuming refolding process to turn back into active form. Herein, we propose conjugating 30Kc19α protein with ADI to solve these problems. 30Kc19α is a cell-penetrating protein which increases stability and soluble expression of cargo proteins. We constructed pET-23a/ArcA-LK-30Kc19α plasmid, overexpressed ADI-LK-30Kc19α fusion protein in E. coli system. Then we purified the fusion protein using fast protein liquid chromatography and verified enhanced soluble expression of ADI through fusion with 30Kc19α. Also, we conjugated cleavable linker between ADI and 30Kc19α to increase enzyme activity by reducing steric hindrance. Compared to ADI, ADI-LK-30Kc19α showed higher cytotoxicity in melanoma cells after 72 hour treatment. Fusion protein presented low cytotoxicity in normal cells regardless of the protein concentration. Recombinant ADI-LK-30Kc19α showed enhanced in vitro stability and penetration into melanoma cells, thus would be a promising strategy to improve treatment efficacy in melanoma.-
dc.description.abstractArginine deiminase (ADI)는 아르기닌을 시트룰린으로 전환하는 반응을 촉매하는 아미노산 분해 효소이다. Mycoplasma로부터 유래한 ADI는 흑색종을 비롯한 아르기닌 영양요구성 암에 대해 항암 작용을 나타낸다고 알려져 있다. 흑색종 세포는 argininosuccinate synthase (ASS)라는 아르기닌 생합성에 중요한 효소의 발현량이 적기 때문에 아르기닌이 고갈된 환경에 취약하다. 하지만 ADI를 흑색종 치료에 임상적으로 적용하기에는 몇 가지 한계점이 존재한다. ADI는 인간이 생산하는 단백질이 아니기 때문에 체내 반감기가 짧다. 또한, 기존에 세포 내에 잠재되어있던 ASS가 발현되며 나타나는 약물 저항성 문제도 여전히 해결되지 못하고 있다. 게다가, ADI 단백질은 봉입체 형태로 주로 발현되며 활성형 형태로 되돌리려면 시간이 오래 걸리는 재접힘 공정을 거쳐야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이런 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 30Kc19α 단백질을 ADI와 융합하는 것을 제안한다. 30Kc19α는 세포투과 단백질로, 카고 단백질의 안정성과 수용성 발현을 증대시킨다. 본 논문에서는 pET-23a/ArcA-30Kc19α 플라스미드를 구축하고, E. coli 시스템에서 ADI-LK-30Kc19α 융합단백질을 과발현 시켰다. 이후 융합단백질을 fast protein liquid chromatography를 이용해서 정제하였고, 수용성 발현 증대 효과를 확인하였다. 또한, ADI와 30Kc19α 단백질 사이에 cleavable linker를 삽입하여 암세포에서 선택적으로 cleavage 되게 하였고, 두 단백질 사이의 steric hindrance를 줄이고 활성을 증가시켰다. 단백질을 흑색종 세포에 72시간 처리했을 때, ADI보다 융합단백질이 더 높은 항암효과를 나타냈다. 정상세포에서 융합단백질은 상대적으로 낮은 세포독성을 나타냈다. 재조합 ADI-LK-30Kc19α 단백질은 더 높은 안정성과 세포 투과능을 나타냈고, 흑색종 치료 효율을 높일 수 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 향후 추가적인 in vivo 실험과 modification을 통해 흑색종 치료제로 사용될 수 있을 것이라는 가능성을 제시하고 있다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsAbstract 1
Contents 3
List of figures 5
1. Introduction 6
2. Materials and methods 12
2.1. Plasmid construction of pET-23a/ArcA and pET-23a/ArcA-LK-30Kc19α 12
2.2. Protein expression and purification of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α 14
2.3. SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis 15
2.4. Cleavage of linker 16
2.5. Enzyme activity assay 16
2.6. Protein stability assay 18
2.7. Detection of MMP-2 expression by western blot 18
2.8. Cell penetration assay 19
2.9. Cytotoxicity assay 20
3. Results and discussion 21
3.1. Plasmid construction and soluble expression of recombinant proteins 21
3.2. In vitro cleavage of linker by MMP-2 27
3.3. Enzymatic activity of the recombinant proteins 29
3.4. Higher expression of MMP-2 in melanoma cells 31
3.5. In vitro stability of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α 33
3.6. Cell-penetration ability of ADI-LK-30Kc19α 35
3.7. Cytotoxicity of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α in SK-MEL-2 and Detroit 551 38
4. Conclusions 41
5. References 42
국문초록 48


List of figures

Figure 1. Structure of 30Kc19 and function of 30Kc19α subunit 9
Figure 2. Research scheme 10
Figure 3. Cleavage of linker by MMP-2 11
Figure 4. Plasmid construction of pET-23a/ArcA and pET-23a/ArcA-LK-30Kc19α 13
Figure 5. Enzyme activity assay 17
Figure 6. Restriction digestion of pET-23a/ArcA 23
Figure 7. Restriction digestion of pET-23a/ArcA-LK-30Kc19α 24
Figure 8. Coomassie blue staining of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α 25
Figure 9. Western blot analysis of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α 26
Figure 10. MMP-2 Cleavage assay of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α 28
Figure 11. Enzyme activity of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α 30
Figure 12. Expression level of MMP-2 in SK-MEL-2 and Detroit 551 32
Figure 13. Deactivation profile of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α 34
Figure 14. Cell-penetration of ADI-LK-30Kc19α in SK-MEL-2 36
Figure 15. Cell-penetration of ADI-LK-30Kc19α in Detroit 551 37
Figure 16. Cytotoxicity assay of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α in SK-MEL-2 39
Figure 17. Cytotoxicity assay of ADI and ADI-LK-30Kc19α in Detroit 551 40
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dc.format.extent50-
dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectmelanoma treatment, arginine deiminase, enzyme stability, cell penetrating protein, soluble expression, 30Kc19α-
dc.subject.ddc660.6-
dc.titleEnhancement of Solubility, Cell Penetration, and Stability of Arginine Deiminase Using 30Kc19α for Effective Melanoma Treatment-
dc.title.alternative효과적인 흑색종 치료를 위한 30Kc19α 기반 아르기닌 디이미나아제의 수용성, 세포투과성, 안정성 증대-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthorGEUNHWA PARK-
dc.contributor.department공과대학 협동과정 바이오엔지니어링전공-
dc.description.degree석사-
dc.date.awarded2022-02-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000170614-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000047▲000000000054▲000000170614▲-
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