Social Citizenship Between Developmental Liberalism and Neoliberalism

Abstract

© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.The successive developmentalist administrations suppressed grassroots demands and rights concerning social citizenship and exhausted public resources to finance industrial projects and corporate assistance. In its institutional form, South Koreas modernization in social policy was modeled after the Continental European conservative welfare state. This model, as represented by the inclusionary social insurance programs of Bismarcks Germany, had been devised in order to effectively organize society—the working class in particular—toward a politically concerted path of national capitalist development. A sort of hierarchical or segmented social citizenship has been characterizing the working populations fate under an exclusionary application of the Continental model of social welfare. In the early 1990s, anti-welfarist Western neoliberalism was accommodated exactly at a time various social policy measures were required to stabilize risky social conditions hitherto accumulated. The tenaciously developmentalist state equated neoliberal reform with globalization to silence critical voices for social democratic reform.