1981년 이후 한국의 국민생활시간 이용과 사회변동

Abstract

Korea is widely recognized as one of the few countries that have experienced truly remarkable social change during the last few decades, especially since the 1980s. From, a semi-traditional agriculture society in the early 1960s, the country has now developed into a full-fledged industrial society as it is often referred to as a "newly industrialized economy (NIE)." Social change in Korea during the past few decades has been most rapid and pervasive both in its scope and nature, impacting enormously upon the entire sectors of society including politics, economy, and culture as a whole. Politically, since 1960, the country has undergone one of the most turbulent changes and turmoil from one extreme to another. In 1961, a popularly elected democratic government was toppled by a military coup d'etat, and the country had been under a harsh military-backed dictatorship by Park Chung Hee which lasted for 18 years until 1979 when he was assassinated. However, Park's demise had not resulted in the restoration of civilian government. Taking advantage of a political vacuum created by Park's assassination, young generals of the military in 1980 staged another coup d'etat forcing the country into even harsher dictatorship for twelve more years. Only in 1993, a fully democratic civilian government of Kim Young Sam was restored. During the 32-year dictatorship, the country had been in a continued political turmoil and unrest. Their yearnings for a democracy repeatedly crashed. People, often led by student activists, took the issue to the streets on an almost on-going basis. The so-called "KwnagJu Massacre" when hundreds of people were killed in 1981 by the military when they demanded democracy is only one exemplifying incident