서독의 강제이주민 통합에 관한 연구

Abstract

In the process of ending the World War Ⅱ, the occupying nations such as the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and the Soviet Union executed the policies that enforced 18 million German camp residents in the eastern region of the Third Reich, eastern and southeastern Europe, to move into the Allies-occupied territory, in order to decide the German border. In case of West Germany, it implemented various social policies that constituted later a crucial part of German social policies, for the purpose of solving the problems of the integration of the large population of these enforced emigrants, along with other policies that dealt with various refugee groups, during the period of social disorder caused by defeat in war. As a part of labor security policies, residence moving programs, war expence adjustment laws, campaign for reunion of dispersed family members, late returnees policies, and other programs and policies were implemented in order to actualize the economic and social integration of the enforced emigrants, and, at the same time, re-build German economy after the war.

Meanwhile, from the enforced emigrants" standpoint, they established the pressure groups for the realization of their interests in earlier period. In particular, enforced emigrants from the middle classes strongly endeavored to regain their past economic and social interests through various activities of interest groups.

"Integration" , after all, has served for the government"s intension of "reconciliation" , i.e., enforced emigrants" adaptation to the social structure in West Germany, while it has also helped the enforced emigrants in the process of th "restoration" of their legal rights, personal property rights, and social status which they had enjoyed before. By constructing the market economy system, West Germany could manage to reconcile these different interests through the corporatism.