영어 수동구문과 몬태규 문법

Abstract

This paper attempts to provide a syntactic and semantic analysis of passive operations in order to provide a proper treatment of the various types of passive constructions in English. In section 2, it is argued that one syntactic rule of passive is not sufficient. In section 3, the phrasal type of passive rule is critically examined. It is argued that a lexical rule, as well as a phrasal rule, is necessary. In sections 4 and 5, two types of passive rules are formalized under the framework of Montague grammar, taking the previous formalizations into consideration. The formulated rules are illustrated with appropriate examples showing detailed syntactic derivations and accompanying translations. In sections 6 through 8, several problematic examples are examined and suggestions are provided for an appropriate treatment of the examples. It is concluded that two types of rules are necessary for a satisfactory account of the passive constructions in English.