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Enabling User-Controlled Allocations on Hrbrid Memory Systems : 하이브리드 환경에서 사용자의 제어가 가능한 메모리할당 기법

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dc.contributor.advisor염헌영-
dc.contributor.authorCui Wenfeng-
dc.date.accessioned2017-07-14T02:57:17Z-
dc.date.available2017-07-14T02:57:17Z-
dc.date.issued2014-08-
dc.identifier.other000000021172-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/123095-
dc.description학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 전기·컴퓨터공학부, 2014. 8. 염헌영.-
dc.description.abstractPhase-Change Memory (PCM) 은 차세대 메모리로 주목을 받고 있다. PCM은 DRAM과 비교해서 높은 밀도를 가지고 있고 비휘발성이므로 idle상태에서 에너지 가 크지 않다. 하지만, PCM은 짧은 소자수명과 느린 쓰기속도가 문제가 된다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 현재는 PCM과 DRAM을 혼용하는 하이브리드 메모리 시스템에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 최근의 연구로는 리눅스 커널에서 page 단위의 DRAM과 PCM사이에서 이동을 시키는 기법들을 진행해왔다. 그러나 DRAM과 PCM사이에서 page들을 이동을 시키려면 각각의 page에 대해서 읽기/쓰기가 발생한 통계가 필요하며 이런 통계를 위해서는 또 다른 자료구조들을 만들어야 된다. 하드웨어 기반의 접근법은 성능이 좋게 나오나 배포하는데 어려움이 있고 소프트웨어기반의 접근법은 익명 페이지에 대해서 통계 계산의 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 메모리할당 인터페이스를 확장하여, 변수들을 DRAM 또는 PCM에 구분하여 할당하는 방식을 연구하였다.-
dc.description.abstractPhase-Change Memory (PCM) has received a lot of attention as a next-generation
storage component. Because PCMhas higher density and lower power consumption as
main memory compared with DRAM, hybrid main memory systems are proposed as
new models that comprise PCM and DRAM. However, PCM has lower durability and
6-12 times slower write access time than DRAM.When PCMis used as main memory,
the high write latency influences performance enormously. To make up these weaknesses
in PCM, previous researches focused on automatic page replacement by which
pages could be migrated between PCM and DRAM main memory when programs are
running based on statistics of the page access patterns. But statistics based page replacement
approaches need pattern monitoring overhead and furthermore, proposed
hardware driven approaches are hard to deploy because memory controller has to be
redesigned and software approaches are not complete solutions because not all page
accesses are visible to software. In this paper, we propose to enable user-controlled
static memory allocations on hybrid memory systems. Through static memory allocations,
programmers can allocate write intensive variables to DRAM to avoid high
write access time and wearing of PCM along with energy savings.
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dc.description.tableofcontentsContents
Abstract i
Contents ii
List of Figures iv
List of Tables v
0.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
0.2 Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
0.2.1 Statistics based page replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
0.2.2 Process layout for 64bit Linux systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
0.2.3 Malloc memory allocation interface in Glibc . . . . . . . . . 5
0.2.4 Physical memory managements in Linux kernels . . . . . . . 6
0.3 Motivations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
0.4 Design and Implementations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
0.4.1 Modifications in Glibc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
0.4.2 New design of process layout and handling page faults . . . . 8
0.5 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
0.5.1 Experimental environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
ii
0.5.2 Quick Sort and Merge Sort performance . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
0.5.3 The lbm performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
0.5.4 Data structure overhead of glibc and kernels . . . . . . . . . . 13
0.6 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
0.7 Conclusions and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Bibliography 19
요약 22
Acknowledgements 23
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dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.extent1306876 bytes-
dc.format.mediumapplication/pdf-
dc.language.isoen-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectPhase-change memory-
dc.subjectMemory management-
dc.subjectHybrid memory systems-
dc.subjectMemory allocations-
dc.subject.ddc621-
dc.titleEnabling User-Controlled Allocations on Hrbrid Memory Systems-
dc.title.alternative하이브리드 환경에서 사용자의 제어가 가능한 메모리할당 기법-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthor최문봉-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.citation.pagesXXIV, 24-
dc.contributor.affiliation공과대학 전기·컴퓨터공학부-
dc.date.awarded2014-08-
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