Publications

Detailed Information

Effects of ethanol organosolv pretreatment conditions on fermentable sugar production and lignin structure from yellow poplar and pitch pine

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.advisor최인규-
dc.contributor.author장수경-
dc.date.accessioned2017-07-14T06:35:15Z-
dc.date.available2017-07-14T06:35:15Z-
dc.date.issued2013-08-
dc.identifier.other000000013107-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/125738-
dc.description학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 산림과학부(환경재료과학전공), 2013. 8. 최인규.-
dc.description.abstract본 연구에서는 combined severity factor를 참고하여 다양한 조건의 에탄올 유기용매 전처리가 진행되었다. 유기용매 전처리 조건은 반응 온도, 시간 그리고 산촉매의 농도와 같은 인자들의 영향력을 평가하기 위해 고안되었다. 수종별로 각각 5가지의 전처리 조건이 정해졌고, 이전에 연구되었던 최적 효소 당화 조건을 CSF 값의 기준점으로 삼았다.
백합나무를 이용한 유기용매 전처리 결과, 반응 온도와 pH가 상승 (130~170°C, pH 0.79~1.90)함에 따라 고형분 내의 리그닌과 자일란의 제거가 각각 79%와 94%가 될 때까지 증가하였다. 반면, 반응 시간이 늘어나고, pH가 증가할 때(10~50분, pH 1.31~2.01), 자일란의 분해는 완화되었으나 리그닌의 제거량은 조금 증가하였다. 리기다소나무의 분해 양상은 대체로 백합나무와 유사했으나 대신에 리그닌 제거 효율은 떨어졌다. 고형분에 대한 분석을 통해, 반응 온도는 유기용매 전처리 환경에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 인자로 판단된다.
백합나무의 경우, 84~98%의 효소 소화율을 나타냈고, 이는 동일한 CSF 값이라 할지라도 각 변인들에 의해 효소 당화율이 달라질 수 있음을 보여주었다. 반면 리기다소나무의 경우, 190°C, pH 1.90의 조건을 제외하고 모든 실험 조건에서 30%이하의 효소 소화율 결과를 나타났다.
유기용매 리그닌의 수율은 각각 백합나무에서 약 11~13%, 리기다소나무에서 약 6% 정도를 보였다. 유기용매 리그닌의 특성을 분석하기 위해 nitrobenzene oxidation과 GPC 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 높은 반응 온도는 유기용매 리그닌의 축합을 야기하고 구조의 균질성을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 리그닌 단량체 수율을 평가하기 위해 초임계 에탄올 환경에서 단분자화를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 100 g의 유기용매 리그닌을 기준으로 1.7~2.8% 정도의 리그닌 유래 단량체를 생산하였다.
본 실험을 통해 유기용매 전처리에 영향을 미치는 각 변인들의 영향력을 알아보았고, 반응 온도가 전처리 공정에 있어서 주된 요인임을 파악하였다. 또한, 높은 효소 소화율 (98%)과 단량체 수율(2.8%) 결과를 통해, 백합나무의 170°C, 10분 그리고 pH 1.90 조건이 당과 리그닌을 동시에 생산하기에 적합한 조건으로 사료된다.
-
dc.description.abstractIn this study, ethanol organosolv pretreatment was conducted under a variety of similar pretreatment conditions by controlling severity factors. The conditions were designed for evaluating the effectiveness of process parameters, such as reaction temperature, time and concentration of sulfuric acid, which was used as an acidic catalyst. A combined severity factor was therefore applied to compare the pretreatment parameters. The factors were applied at the same level that showed an optimal condition for glucose conversion in previous studies. Ethanol organosolv pretreatment was performed under 5 different conditions for yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and pitch pine (Pinus rigida), respectively.
As the reaction temperature and pH were elevated (130 to 170°C and pH 0.79 to 1.90), lignin or xylan, mannan, and galactan (XMG) removals in the solid residue were increased until the ratio reached 79% and 94%. When the reaction time was extended, and the pH was increased (10 to 50 min and pH 1.31 to 2.01), degradation of XMG was mitigated. However lignin removal increased slightly in L. tulipifera. The degradation tendency of P. rigida was similar to that of L. tulipifera, except for low lignin removal efficiency (below 45%). According to the results of the solid residues, the reaction temperature was considered to be as major factor that could influence pretreatment strongly. Enzymatic digestibility ranged from 84 to 98% in L. tulipifera, indicating that pretreatment efficiency was affected by individual process parameters. In the case of P. rigida, results of enzymatic digestibility were observed below 30% under all experimental conditions, except for the condition of 190°C at pH 1.90.
The ethanol organosolv lignin (EOL) was recovered from the liquid hydrolysate, and the yields ranged from 11 to 13% in L. tulipifera and approximately 6% in P. rigida. High reaction temperatures led to the reduction of the ether bonds in the EOL structure and the enhancement of uniformity, supported by the amount of nitrobenzene oxidation products and the resulting molecular weight distribution. To evaluate the productivity of monomeric compounds, the EOL of L. tulipifera was performed as a depolymerization using supercritical ethanol treatment. The lignin-derived monomeric compounds determined by GC/MS ranged from 1.7 to 2.8% based on 100 g of EOL.
Reaction temperature was therefore the most effective process parameter compared to reaction time and concentration of acidic catalyst. The conditions of 170°C, 10 min reaction time, and pH 1.90 might be optimal pretreatment condition, as indicated by the highest enzymatic digestibility (98%) and amount of phenolic monomer (2.8%).
-
dc.description.tableofcontents1. Introduction 1
1.1. Lignocellulosic biomass and pretreatment 1
1.2. Pretreatment methods and organosolv pretreatment 2
1.3. Evaluation of pretreatment using the severity factor 3
1.4. Conception of a biorefinery 4
1.5. Objectives 6
2. Literature reviews 8
2.1. Organosolv pretreatment for lignocellulosic biomass 8
2.2. Development of the combined severity factor 10
2.3. Pretreatment studies with the combined severity factor 11
3. Materials and Methods 13
3.1. Materials 13
3.2. Conditions of organosolv pretreatment 13
3.3. Analysis of solid residues 15
3.3.1. Recovery rate and lignin content 15
3.3.2. Carbohydrate composition 16
3.4. Enzymatic hydrolysis for glucose conversion 17
3.5. Analysis of liquid hydrolysate 18
3.6. Characterization of ethanol organosolv lignin 18
3.6.1. Lignin contents 18
3.6.2. Nitrobenzene oxidation 18
3.6.3. Gel permeation chromatography 19
3.7. Total phenol content 20
3.8. Supercritical ethanol treatment of EOL 20
4. Results and Discussions 22
4.1. Composition of water-insoluble solid residue 22
4.1.1. Degradation and delignification 22
4.1.2. Structural sugars 23
4.2. Composition of liquid hydrolysate 27
4.2.1. Sugar composition 27
4.2.2. Carbohydrate derivatives 27
4.3. Enzymatic hydrolysis 30
4.4. Chemical structures of ethanol organosolv lignin 32
4.4.1. Yields of ethanol organosolv lignin 32
4.4.2. Composition of phenolic acid and aldehydes 34
4.4.3. Examination of average molecular weight and polydispersity 36
4.5. Total phenol in the supernatant 38
4.6. Production of bio-oil by supercritical ethanol treatment 40
5. Conclusions 43
6. References 45
-
dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.extent892812 bytes-
dc.format.mediumapplication/pdf-
dc.language.isoen-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subjectorganosolv pretreatment-
dc.subjectethanol organosolv lignin-
dc.subjectcombined severity factor-
dc.subjectLiriodendron tulipifera-
dc.subjectPinus rigida-
dc.subject.ddc634-
dc.titleEffects of ethanol organosolv pretreatment conditions on fermentable sugar production and lignin structure from yellow poplar and pitch pine-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.citation.pagesvi, 53-
dc.contributor.affiliation농업생명과학대학 산림과학부(환경재료과학전공)-
dc.date.awarded2013-08-
Appears in Collections:
Files in This Item:

Altmetrics

Item View & Download Count

  • mendeley

Items in S-Space are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.

Share