Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Its Association with APOE e4 Allele in Cognitive Function of Alzheimers Disease (AD) Patients

Abstract

Background: Dementia including Alzheimers Disease (AD) with other cognitive function of disorder is increasing in elderly people. The high risk factor of Alzheimers Disease (AD) was genetics of APOE e4. The prevention and treatment are still controversial and the medical industries are trying to develop medications and cognitive functions to dementia people. One of the ways to treat is an exercise that is a non-invasive treatment, in-expensive, lack of side effect, and it decreases the risk factors of dementia with preventing to reduce their cognitive functions. Also, there are lack of studies for exercise program for treatment to dementia. Purpose: Aerobic exercise was more effective way to prevent decline early state of Alzheimers Disease (AD). This study was figured out the effect of aerobic exercise according to APOE e4 presences and how aerobic exercise affect neuropsychological test on between e4 carriers and e4 non-carriers group. Results: The aerobic exercise capacity was significant difference both exercise e4 carriers and e4 non-carrier group compared into control group. This study showed exercise e4 carriers and exercise e4 non-carriers were improved (p = 0.016, r = 0.66) and between exercise e4 carriers and control groups were significant improved (p = 0.007, r = 0.72). Only between exercise e4 carriers group and exercise e4 non-carriers group, both color reading reaction (p = 0.035, r = 0.59) and color reading time per item (p = 0.031, r = 0.605) in CWST were decreased. The COWAT in sematic wrong section was significant improved to decrease between exercise e4 carriers and exercise e4 non-carriers group (p = 0.036, r = 0.627). The DST in backward part also was significant improved scores in exercise e4 carriers (p = 0.039, r = 0.586) and exercise e4 non-carriers (p = 0.011, r = 0.681) than control group. The K-IADL scores was decreased between exercise e4 non-carriers and control group (p = 0.035, r = 0.594) after 12 weeks. Conclusion: There were improved between aerobic exercise and cognitive function in COWAT, CWST, DST, K-IADL after 12 weeks. The APOE e4 carriers also had more effective in COWAT and CWST of cognitive function than exercise e4 non-carriers after aerobic exercise. The DST was effective in the APOE e4 carriers than control. But, the APOE e4 non-carriers was only effective in K-IADL compared to control.