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A Study on the Origin of Kazakhstan's Economic Resource Nationalism : 카자흐스탄 경제적 자원민족주의의 기원에 관한 연구: 카자흐스탄 국내 정치 엘리트와 국제석유기업(IOCs)의 이탈(Exit), 요구(Voice), 충성(Loyalty) 다이나믹스
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 이근 | - |
| dc.contributor.author | 조비연 | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-07-19T04:23:41Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2017-07-19T04:23:41Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2013-02 | - |
| dc.identifier.other | 000000008505 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10371/129192 | - |
| dc.description | 학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 국제대학원 : 국제학과(국제협력전공), 2013. 2. 이근. | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 본 논문은 카자흐 정부가 2008년 이후 국제석유기업(International Oil Companies – IOCs)들을 상대로 강화하기 시작한 간접적 국유화/몰수 정책(Indirect Expropriation Methods)에 대하여 연구하였다. 종래 다양한 연구들은 이 같은 간접적 국유화/몰수정책들을 경제적 자원민족주의(Economic resource nationalism)란 현상으로 개념화하고 분석하였지만, 카자흐 정부가 2008년 이후 강화하기 시작한 간접적 국유화 정책/경제적 자원민족주의적 현상에는 시사하는 바가 적다.
따라서 본 논문은 카자흐스탄의 경제적 자원민족주의 현상에 허쉬만(Hirschman)의 이탈(Exit), 요구(Voice), 충성(Loyalty) 모델 (EVL Model)을 차관하고, 이를 통하여 카자흐스탄의 경제적 자원민족주의 현상을 국내 정치 엘리트와 국제석유기업 사이의 이탈(Exit), 요구(Voice), 충성(Loyalty) 다이나믹스로 재해석하고자 하였다. 또한, 카자흐스탄의 경제적 자원민족주의 현상이 나타나기 시작한 2000-2008년과 동 현상이 강화되기 시작한2008년 이후의 시기로 구분 짓고, 이러한 두 시기의 이탈(Exit), 요구(Voice), 충성(Loyalty) 다이나믹스가 정치사회적 요소들에 의하여 어떻게 변화하였는지 추적하였다. 이러한 과정을 통하여 본 논문은 경제적 자원민족주의의 이론적 분석틀을 제공함과 동시에 카자흐스탄 최근의 국내 정치 엘리트와 국제석유기업의 동향을 다루는데 기여하고자 하였다. | - |
| dc.description.abstract | This thesis investigates the cause of recent surge of Kazakh governments indirect expropriation methods against International Oil Companies (hereafter IOCs). Although this phenomenon is now beginning to be widely claimed as a phenomenon of economic resource nationalism, an overview of previous studies shows that the exploration of the phenomenon remains incomplete, unable to explain the increasingly more aggressive strategies of indirect expropriation methods in Kazakhstan. This research, therefore, proposes Hirschmans model of Exit, Voice, and Loyalty (hereafter EVL model) to frame the behaviors of domestic Kazakh elites and IOCs, and the overall phenomenon of economic resource nationalism.
Overall, the EVL model is applied to test the hypothesis that economic resource nationalism in Kazakhstan occurs because of the voice and loyalty dynamics between the Nazarbayev government (Kazakh elites) and IOCs in times of higher oil price. Also, as a significant portion of this research, the current surge of aggressive indirect expropriation strategies is explained in relation to the projection of eventual retirement of President Nursultan Nazarbayev (incumbent since 1991), emergence of conflicting elite factions in Kazakhstans administration, and rising unrest in civil society. By delineating how such domestic instability factors are directing the behaviors of Kazakh elites to focus on short-term gain, and thereby changing the EVL dynamics, this research offers a comprehensive, theoretical, and up-to date analysis of the significance of domestic political factors as an important explanation of the current economic resource nationalism in Kazakhstan. | - |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Table of Contents
Acknowledgements Abstract Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures List of Acronyms and Abbreviations I. Introduction 1 1. Economic Resource Nationalism in Kazakhstan 1 2. Previous Studies 16 2.1 Resource Nationalism and New Resource Nationalism 16 2.2 Kazakhstan and its Oil Sector 26 2.3 Previous Theoretical Explanations 28 3. Research Question 43 II. Analytical Framework 45 1. Domestic Elites 46 2. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty & Economic Resource Nationalism 49 2.1 Exit – As a Threat/Motivation 53 2.2 Voice – Strategies 59 2.3 Loyalty – Special Attachments 62 2.4 Exit, Voice, and Loyalty Dynamics of Economic Resource Nationalism 65 3. Methodology 70 III. Kazakhstans Exit, Voice, and Loyalty (2000-2008) 73 1. Kazakh Elites Exit, Voice and Loyalty 73 1.1 Overview of Kazakh Elites in the Oil Sector 73 1.1.1 Kazakh Elites in the Oil Sector – Energy Elites 76 1.1.2 Timur Kulibayev 78 1.2 Exit – Kazakh Elites Exit as a Threat/Motivation 82 1.3 Voice – Strategies of Kazakh Elites 83 1.4 Loyalty – Special Attachments of Kazakh Elites to IOCs 84 2. IOCs Exit, Voice, and Loyalty – Response 87 2.1 Overview of IOCs in Kazakhstan 87 2.2 Exit 89 2.3 Voice 89 2.4 Loyalty 90 3. Kazakhstans Exit, Voice, and Loyalty – Economic Resource Nationalism 92 IV. Changing Dynamics of Exit, Voice, and Loyalty of Kazakhstans Economic Resource Nationalism (Post-2008) 94 1. President Nazarbayevs Expected Retirement 95 2. New Elite Factions 96 3. Civil Society Unrest 99 4. New Dynamics of Exit, Voice, and Loyalty – Kazakh Elites Short-term Gain Approach 101 4.1 Kazakh Elites Exit, Voice, and Loyalty 102 4.2 IOCs Exit, Voice, and Loyalty – Response 111 4.3 New EVL Dynamics (Post-2008) 115 V. Conclusion 118 References Annex I – Kazakhstan Fact Sheet Annex II – More Figures Annex III – Kazakhstan: Selected Oil/Gas Projects Annex IV – Kazakh Energy Elites Abstract (Korean) | - |
| dc.format | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.extent | 2343303 bytes | - |
| dc.format.medium | application/pdf | - |
| dc.language.iso | en | - |
| dc.publisher | 서울대학교 대학원 | - |
| dc.subject | Resource nationalism | - |
| dc.subject | Economic resource nationalism | - |
| dc.subject | Kazakhstan | - |
| dc.subject | International Oil Companies (IOCs) | - |
| dc.subject | Exit | - |
| dc.subject | Voice | - |
| dc.subject | and Loyalty Model (EVL model) | - |
| dc.subject | Domestic elites | - |
| dc.subject.ddc | 327 | - |
| dc.title | A Study on the Origin of Kazakhstan's Economic Resource Nationalism | - |
| dc.title.alternative | 카자흐스탄 경제적 자원민족주의의 기원에 관한 연구: 카자흐스탄 국내 정치 엘리트와 국제석유기업(IOCs)의 이탈(Exit), 요구(Voice), 충성(Loyalty) 다이나믹스 | - |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthor | Bee Yun Jo | - |
| dc.description.degree | Master | - |
| dc.citation.pages | 152 | - |
| dc.contributor.affiliation | 국제대학원 국제학과(국제협력전공) | - |
| dc.date.awarded | 2013-02 | - |
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