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Generation of Degenerate Quantum Gases of Ytterbium Atoms : 이터븀 양자기체 생성
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 신용일 | - |
dc.contributor.author | 김민석 | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-07-19T06:11:29Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2017-07-19T06:11:29Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2016-08 | - |
dc.identifier.other | 000000136222 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dcollection.snu.ac.kr:80/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000136222 | - |
dc.description | 학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :자연과학대학 물리·천문학부,2016. 8. 신용일. | - |
dc.description.abstract | Ytterbium atoms have taken attraction from the scientists owing to their
distinct properties compared with alkali atoms. ytterbium atoms have the intercombination transtion and clock transitions that allows to study precise controls of interatomic interaction and new standard of time. In 2003, Takahashi group rst achieved the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 174Yb following degenerate fermi gases (DFG) of 171Yb and 173Yb atoms. After these achievements, ytterbium becomes a new candidate for the quantum simulators, especially SU(N) symmetry using 173Yb atoms. Also, It attracts the quantum computer using their clock transition. This thesis presents two topics. First topic is the experimental apparatus for the degenerate quantum gases of ytterbium atoms. The other is the topic on the precise measurements of optical Feshbach resonances of 174Yb atoms. First of all, we describe our experimental apparatus for generating quantum degenerate gases of bosonic 174Yb and fermionic 173Yb atoms, the rst ultracold gases of ytterbium atoms in South Korea. We use a Zeeman slower to generate a slow atomic beam and collect atoms in a magneto-optical trap formed by 556 nm laser beams without frequency modulations. Laser-cooled ytterbium atoms are transferred to a crossed optical dipole trap and evaporatively cooled to quantum degeneracy. Our system generates a BEC containing over 6 104 174Yb atoms or aDFG of about 7 104 173Yb atoms at T=TF=0.8(1), where TF is the Fermi temperature of the gas. We highlight the high performance of the Zeeman slower and the home-made SHG units for 399 nm and 556 nm lights. Also, we measure the optical Feshbach resonances (OFRs) of four leastbound vibrational levels near the intercombination transition 1S0-3P1 with a pure Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 174Yb atoms. We induce photoassociation (PA) in a 174Yb BEC using the intercombination transition for precise measurements of the OFRs. The dependence of OFRs to PA laser intensities and frequencies are studied and characterized for several least bound vibrational levels. We con rmed our methods by measuring the time evolution of a BEC subjected to a PA beam resonant to the fourth vibrational level from the dissociation limit. A PA spectroscopy with a BEC of 174Yb allows us to have clear spectra because the thermal e ect is suppressed and s-wave scattering dominants. | - |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Experimental apparatus for degenerate quantum gases of Yb atoms 1 1.2 Measurement of the optical Feshbach resonances of 174Yb atoms 2 1.3 The outline of the thesis 2 Chapter 2 Properties of Yb atoms 4 Chapter 3 Laser Systems for Cooling and Trapping of Ytterbium atoms 10 3.1 Introduction 10 3.2 Choosing Proper Optics components 11 3.3 399 nm Laser 14 3.3.1 399 nm setup 14 3.3.2 399 nm SHG 16 3.4 556 nm Laser 17 3.4.1 556 nm Setup 17 3.4.2 556 nm SHG 19 3.5 1070 nm Laser 19 3.6 Summary 20 Chapter 4 Experimental Apparatus for Ytterbium atoms 21 4.1 Introduction 21 4.2 Oven 22 4.3 Zeeman Slower 23 4.4 Main chamber 26 4.5 Summary 27 Chapter 5 Trapping and Cooling of Ytterbium atoms 28 5.1 Magneto-optical Trap 28 5.2 Loading to optical dipole trap 33 5.2.1 Compression of MOT 33 5.2.2 Loading to ODT 34 5.3 Evaporation Cooling 35 5.3.1 Bose-Einstein condensate of 174Yb atoms 35 5.3.2 Degenerate Fermi gas of 173Yb atoms 37 5.4 Conclusion 38 Chapter 6 Precise Measurement of the optical Feshbach resonances of 174Yb atoms 39 6.1 Introduction 39 6.2 Theories of OFRs 41 6.2.1 Photoassociation 41 6.2.2 Isolated Resonance Model 43 6.2.3 Intermolecular Potentials of 174Yb atoms 45 6.2.4 Reflective Approximation 46 6.2.5 Photoassociation Spectrum 48 6.3 Yb machine at KRISS 49 6.4 Experimental Setup 50 6.4.1 Preliminaries 50 6.4.2 The generation of a BEC 52 6.4.3 Decay of a pure BEC 53 6.4.4 Photoassociation spectroscopy 55 6.5 Analysis of the OFR 56 6.5.1 Analysis of the PA spectrum 56 6.5.2 Two-body loss spectrum 61 6.5.3 Optical tuning of the interatomic interaction 62 6.6 OFRs of Yb atoms with Clock Transitions 64 6.7 Conclusion 65 Chapter 7 Conclusion and Outlook 66 Appendix 68 Appendix A Image Analysis 68 Appendix B Building a SHG unit 74\ Appendix C Electronic Circuits 97 초록 106 | - |
dc.format.extent | 42 | - |
dc.language.iso | eng | - |
dc.publisher | 서울대학교 대학원 | - |
dc.subject | Ytterbium, Bose-Einstein condensate, Degenerate Fermi gas, optical Feshbach resonance | - |
dc.subject.ddc | 523 | - |
dc.title | Generation of Degenerate Quantum Gases of Ytterbium Atoms | - |
dc.title.alternative | 이터븀 양자기체 생성 | - |
dc.type | Thesis | - |
dc.type | Dissertation | - |
dc.contributor.department | 자연과학대학 물리·천문학부 | - |
dc.description.degree | Doctor | - |
dc.date.awarded | 2016-08 | - |
dc.identifier.holdings | 000000000028▲000000000029▲000000136222▲ | - |
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