Artificial homeostasis regulation system consisting of wearable bio-sensing electrodes and wirelessly interconnected microneedle patch

Abstract

Homeostasis state regulation is the major role of human nerve and endocrine systems. Several factors such as blood glucose, cortisol hormone levels, electrolyte levels, and body temperature are detected and controlled by these systems. However, failure of human endocrine system causes many chronic diseases such as diabetes, depression, and high fever. Here, bio-inspired wireless platform integrated with wearable biosensor, smartphone networking, and wearable microneedle patch was proposed for artificial homeostasis regulation. Direct electron transfer (DET) electrode have been developed for wearable biosensor using vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT)-graphene (GP)-Au mesh structure for accurate biomarker detection from sweat. In addition, the drug-loaded microneedle is attached with wearable heater patch, enabling transdermal drug delivery with the sensor detection for closed-loop feedback. Finally, all these components are controlled by user-friendly smartphone application that mimic the human nerve system. Artificial regulation platform of human homeostasis provides a helpful tool for preventing chronic disease.