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Development of a Sonic Branding Process for Designing Automobile Engine Sound Based on Affective Engineering Approach : 감성공학적 접근법에 기반한 자동차 엔진음의 소닉 브랜딩 프로세스 개발 2018년 8월 서울대학교 대학원 산업·조선공학부 인간공학 전공 문 소
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 윤명환 | - |
dc.contributor.author | 문소연 | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-11-12T00:55:30Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2018-11-12T00:55:30Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2018-08 | - |
dc.identifier.other | 000000152314 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10371/143067 | - |
dc.description | 학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 공과대학 산업공학과, 2018. 8. 윤명환. | - |
dc.description.abstract | Sonic branding is an auditory method by which brand identity can be
presented. There are previous studies to group car sounds into three categories, namely electronic sound, engine sound, and operation sound, as an auditory user interface (AUI) and studies are conducted to apply sonic branding to all AUIs in cars. In this context, car makers have put effort to make their brand images appealing to customers using engine sound achieved by hardware improvement, including intake and exhaust systems, for decades. Car makers are trying to represent their brand identities using active sound design (ASD) systems, which are software solutions for engine sound design that can be applied to current infotainment systems. Software developing companies in Germany, France, and the UK have launched their own ASD solutions, and the maturity of the software reached to a certain level at which the solutions can be applied to mass production of cars. Considering that the differences in hardware performances depending on the brands are currently less than those before, the interest on ASD in the automotive industry globally as a key method for improving affective quality and presenting brand identity using engine sound, which is an important AUI in automobiles, is increasing. However, most of previous studies on ASD are for ASD algorithm development and there are few previous studies on the ASD development process, which can be applied to a real engine sound design. Moreover, it is known that car manufacturers have difficulties in finding methods as to which brand identity can be presented using the ASD system in their cars. In this study, a sonic branding process for ASD is proposed, by which brand identity and image is evaluated based on the acoustic parameters of engine sounds, and to which a sonic branding method can be applied. The overall development process has been built based on previous studies on the AUI development process to keep its reliability. Subjective ratings, interviews, and questionnaires, which are subjective measurement methods for affective engineering, were used to propose methods for evaluating and designing of engine sounds. A regression model for engine sound, which shows the causal relationship between acoustic parameters and affective adjectives, was derived for efficiency in evaluation and design. For this purpose, a sonic branding process, by which levels of affective adjectives of original engine sounds were evaluated on the positioning map and were adjusted to new target positions to improve brand identity using regression equations for acoustic parameters and affective adjectives, was proposed. The positioning map is a two-dimensional grid for engine sound evaluation, which has been used in previous studies. Second, a jury test was conducted to propose regression equations, which are required for the sonic branding process, and the result of the jury test was analyzed using statistical methods to find the causal relationship between affective adjectives, which present brand identity and car class, and acoustic parameters of engine sounds. Third, new affective synthesis methods, which can be applied to engine sound design using ASD, were introduced. Synthesis methods, including musical harmonic theory and formant filter, which are being tried by car manufacturers currently, were described, and new methods including pipe organ mixture, break back, and beat effect were proposed. Fourth, new engine sounds were developed on the ASD system equipped in target cars following the sonic branding process to test the validity of the process. The engine sound design was conducted in cooperation with a sound design expert, who has insights for sound design. Six engine sounds were designed in total and the positions of five engine sounds were found in the range of target positions. Even if the position of one engine sound design was out of range of the target position, the direction of movement was still within the intended trendline. The result of this study can be used to develop sonic branding for engine sound. Development time can be decreased and the possibility of success will be increased using the sonic branding process proposed in this study. In addition, the regression model for engine sound developed in this study will be helpful for estimating the character of new engine sounds for ASD systems in advance. Estimating new engine sound characters will contribute to proper engine sound designs to attain an efficient brand identity strategy using engine sound. However, the jury test was conducted for participants who have Korean nationality and luxury and sporty car owners were excluded from the test. To adapt the result of this study globally, additional study considering the nationality and owned car type is necessary. In addition, sonic branding for electric/hybrid vehicles based on the result of this study could be an interesting topic for a future study. | - |
dc.description.tableofcontents | CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 1
1.1 Research Background .......................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose of this Study ........................................................... 3 1.3 Organization of the Thesis ................................................... 6 CHAPTER 2. BACKGROUND ............................................................. 10 2.1 Engine Sound and Brand Identity ...................................... 10 2.2 Active Sound Control ...................................................... 14 2.3 ASD for Automobiles ...................................................... 17 2.4 ASD for Electric/Hybrid Vehicles .................................... 21 CHAPTER 3. SONIC BRANDING PROCESS .................................. 23 3.1 Sonic Branding Process ..................................................... 23 3.2 AUI Design Process ........................................................... 27 3.3 Stages in Sonic Branding Process ...................................... 33 3.4 Discussions ........................................................................ 55 CHAPTER 4. REGRESSION MODEL FOR ENGINE SOUND ....... 57 4.1 Regression Model .............................................................. 57 4.2 Subjective Measurement for Affect ................................... 59 4.3 Jury Test ............................................................................. 64 4.4 Descriptive Analysis .......................................................... 69 4.5 Correlation Analysis ........................................................... 71 4.6 Regression Analysis ........................................................... 75 4.7 Discussions ...................................................................... 82 CHAPTER 5. AFFECTIVE SYNTHESIS METHODS....................... 84 5.1 Synthesis Methods ............................................................. 84 5.2 Examples of Synthesis Methods ........................................ 85 5.3 Synthesis Methods for Engine Sound Design .................. 90 5.4 Proposals for New Synthesis Methods .............................. 93 5.5 Discussions ...................................................................... 103 CHAPTER 6. ENGINE SOUND DESIGN AND TEST ................... 104 6.1 Engine Sound Design and Test ........................................ 104 6.2 Target Vehicle and Engine Sound Samples ...................... 105 6.3 Defining Target Engine Sound ......................................... 107 6.4 Engine Sound Synthesis ................................................... 111 6.5 Test and Validation ........................................................... 122 6.6 Discussions ...................................................................... 135 CHAPTER 7. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ........................ 137 7.1 Summary of Findings ....................................................... 137 7.2 Contribution of This Study .............................................. 145 7.3 Limitation and Future Work ............................................. 146 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................. 148 APPENDIX ............................................................................................ 166 ABSTRACT(KOREAN) ....................................................................... 175 | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.publisher | 서울대학교 대학원 | - |
dc.subject.ddc | 670.42 | - |
dc.title | Development of a Sonic Branding Process for Designing Automobile Engine Sound Based on Affective Engineering Approach | - |
dc.title.alternative | 감성공학적 접근법에 기반한 자동차 엔진음의 소닉 브랜딩 프로세스 개발 2018년 8월 서울대학교 대학원 산업·조선공학부 인간공학 전공 문 소 | - |
dc.type | Thesis | - |
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthor | Moon Soyoun | - |
dc.description.degree | Doctor | - |
dc.contributor.affiliation | 공과대학 산업공학과 | - |
dc.date.awarded | 2018-08 | - |
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