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The effect of Roseburia spp. in alcoholic liver diseases and epithelial barrier in the gut

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dc.contributor.advisor고광표-
dc.contributor.author전경찬-
dc.date.accessioned2019-05-07T03:46:21Z-
dc.date.available2021-04-13T05:30:40Z-
dc.date.issued2019-02-
dc.identifier.other000000155187-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10371/151114-
dc.description학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 보건대학원 환경보건학과, 2019. 2. 고광표.-
dc.description.abstractThe pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is related to translocation of endotoxin from alcohol-induced leaky gut to liver, and such a pathway is called gut-liver axis. Therefore, it is important for ALD patients to protect gut barrier against alcohol damage. It has been widely reported that gut microbiota is able to improve gut barrier integrity in various pathological conditions. However, there has been few studies on effects of individual gut commensals on improving gut barrier function in ALD. In this study, we observed that the abundance of Roseburia is reduced in gut and correlated with transcriptional expression levels of intestinal tight junction-related genes (Occludin and Claudin-2) in ALD mice. We, thus, hypothesized that Roseburia plays a potential role in regulation of gut barrier integrity in ethanol-damaged condition, thereby associating with ALD. To understand strain-dependent properties of Roseburia, characteristics of three Roseburia spp. (R. intestinalis, R. hominis, and R. faecis) were examined, showing strain specificity in both rate of butyrate production and size of flagellin protein. To identify effects of Roseburia on strengthening gut barrier, in vitro experiments were performed on human epithelial Caco-2 cell line. The treatments of live Roseburia spp. at 〖〖10〗^8,10〗^9cells/well for 24h resulted in about 1.2-1.4 fold increase in relative TEER change, and normalized FITC permeability after subsequent ethanol challenge. Furthermore, their supernatants, which contain butyrate as metabolites, were investigated, but not able to improve gut barrier dysfunction. Interestingly, however, treatments of flagellin extracts derived from R. intestinalis and R. hominis at 250μg/ml improved TEER value and ethanol-induced hyper-permeability to the same extent with treatment of live Roseburia, whereas that of R. faecis had no effect. Consequently, Roseburia had a beneficial effect on improving ethanol-induced gut barrier dysfunction and their flagellin would be involved in this effect with a strain-dependent variation. These findings proposed Roseburia as a novel probiotic target for alleviating ALD.-
dc.description.abstract알코올성 간질환은 알코올 섭취에 의해 무너진 장벽을 통해 장내의 내독소가 간으로 이동하여 염증을 일으킴으로써 발생할 수 있는데, 이러한 통로와 기작을 장-간 축이라 한다. 장내 미생물은 여러 질환에서 무너진 장벽을 강화시킬 수 있다고 보고 되어 있다. 하지만 알코올성 간질환에서 특정 장내 미생물의 장벽 기능과 질환 개선에 대하여는 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 알코올성 간질환 마우스 모델에서 장내 로제부리아의 수가 줄어들고, 이 수가 장내 밀착 연접 단백질의 유전자 발현량과 상관 관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서, 장내 로제부리아가 알코올에 의해 파괴된 장내 밀착 연접을 조절하는 데 잠재적인 역할을 할 것이라고 가정하였다. 로제부리아의 장내 밀착 연접에 대한 효과를 확인하기 위하여 in vitro 실험을 진행하였다. 로제부리아 생균의 처리가 Caco-2 인체 장벽 세포에서 밀착 연접을 강화시키고, 이후의 알코올 처리에 의해 증가된 장벽 투과성을 완화시킨다는 것을 확인하였다. 더 나아가, 로제부리아 속에 속하는 세 가지 종을 선택하여 그 특성을 분석한 결과, 부티르산 생산성 및 편모 단백질의 크기에 있어서 종 간 특이성이 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 흥미롭게도, 편모 추출물은 Caco-2세포에서 종 간 차이를 보이며 밀착 연접 강화 및 투과성 완화 효과를 보였다. 반면 부티르산이 대사체로서 들어 있는 로제부리아의 배양액은 밀착 연접 강화 및 투과성 완화에 대한 효과가 없는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 로제부리아는 알코올에 의해 파괴된 장벽의 기능을 보호하는 효과를 보이고, 편모가 그 영향에 있어서 종 간의 차이를 보이며 관여할 수 있음을 밝혀내었다. 이러한 발견은 장내 미생물 로제부리아가 알코올성 간질환에 대한 새로운 프로바이오틱스 후보 균주가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsCONTENTS

ABSTRACT …………………………………………...…...I

LIST OF TABLES .....................................................…. VIII

LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………........IX

I. Introduction ……………………………………... 1

II. Materials and Methods …………………………. 5

1. Bacteria culture and preparation................................................5
2. Experimental alcoholic liver disease in vivo………….…..…..6
3. Biochemical assays………..……………………...............….7
4. Histological analysis..............................................................8
5. Microbiota composition analysis ........................................…..9
6. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT PCR) …........………......…10
7. Roseburia characterization…............................………......…12
8. Flagellin extraction...................................…….......................14
9. Caco-2 cell culture and ethanol-damaged in vitro model..15
10. Cell viability test …………………………………………….17
11. Western blot............................................................18
12. Statistical analysis..........................................................20

III. Results ………………………………….......……..21

1. Alcohol consumption induced alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice.....................................................................................…21
2. Alcohol consumption altered gut microbial composition and relative abundance of family Lachnospiraceae was considerably enriched in pair-fed group........................................................24
3. The abundance of genus Roseburia was correlated with intestinal transcriptional expression levels of tight junction-related genes in mice ……………….…………….............28
4. Roseburia spp. had different butyrate production rate and flagellin....................................................................................32
5. More than 3%(v/v) of ethanol concentration disrupted tight junction, but had no cell toxicity………………………38
6. Live Roseburia bacteria treatment improve tight junction in ethanol-damaged Caco-2 monolayer ……………................41
7. The supernatant from Roseburia spp. had no effects on strengthening tight junction in ethanol-damaged Caco-2 monolayer ….......................................................................…44
8. Flagellins derived from Roseburia spp. are differentially effective on tight junction in ethanol-damaged Caco-2 monolayer………………………………………....................47
IV. Discussion …………………………………………50

V. Reference ……………………………………….…57

VI. 국문초록………………………………….......……61

List of Tables

Table 1. PCR primers……………………………………………..…11

List of Figures
Figure 1. Alcohol consumption induced alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice…………………………………………....…….....…………22

Figure 2. Alcohol consumption altered gut microbial composition and relative abundance of family Lachnospiraceae was considerably enriched in pair-fed group…………………………………..……....26

Figure 3. The abundance of genus Roseburia in fecal samples was significantly decreased in ethanol-fed group and intestinal mRNA expressions of tight junction-related genes were correlated with the abundance…………………………………………………………….30

Figure 4. Phylogenetic characterization of Roseburia spp. was shown and three of Roseburia spp. were chosen for subsequent experiments.34

Figure 5. Roseburia spp. had different rate of butyrate production and size of flagellin proteins......................................................................36

Figure 6. More than 3% of ethanol concentration disrupted tight junction, but had no cell toxicity........................................................ 39

Figure 7. Live Roseburia spp. increased relative TEER change and mitigated permeability in ethanol-damaged Caco-2 cell.....................42

Figure 8. The supernatants from Roseburia spp. had no effects on strengthening tight junction in ethanol-damaged Caco-2 monolayer..45


Figure 9. Flagellin extracts derived from R. intestinalis and R. hominis
increased relative TEER change and permeability in ethanol-damaged Caco-2 cell..........................................................................................48
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dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisher서울대학교 대학원-
dc.subject.ddc363.7-
dc.titleThe effect of Roseburia spp. in alcoholic liver diseases and epithelial barrier in the gut-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.typeDissertation-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.contributor.affiliation보건대학원 환경보건학과-
dc.date.awarded2019-02-
dc.identifier.uciI804:11032-000000155187-
dc.identifier.holdings000000000026▲000000000039▲000000155187▲-
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