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Chemical-based management program against Bemisia tabaci, Spodoptera litura, and Frankliniella occidentalis using selective insecticides to seven commercialized biological control species in greenhouses : 시설재배에서 선택적 살충제를 이용한 담배가루이, 담배거세미나방 및 꽃노랑총채벌레의 화학적 방제 프로그램
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 이준호 | - |
dc.contributor.author | 김시용 | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-10-21T02:45:03Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2019-10-21T02:45:03Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2019-08 | - |
dc.identifier.other | 000000156624 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10371/162076 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dcollection.snu.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000156624 | ko_KR |
dc.description | 학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :농업생명과학대학 농생명공학부,2019. 8. 이준호. | - |
dc.description.abstract | 시설작물의 주요해충인 담배가루이, 담배거세미나방, 그리고
꽃노랑총채벌레의 방제는 작물 생산량 증대에 핵심적인 요소이다. 이들 해충의 밀도와 저항성 관리를 위하여 화학적 방제와 생물학적 방제의 상호보완적 방제전략이 요구되어 왔다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 살충활성이 우수하며 천적들에 안전한 선택적 살충제를 선발하고, 살충활성을 높일 수 있는 효과적인 처리방법을 선발하여 종합해충관리(Integrated Pest Management) 체계를 제안하였다. 살충제의 작용기작별로 우수한 약제를 선발하기 위하여 담배가루이의 알 및 약충과 성충, 담배거세미나방의 유충, 꽃노랑총채벌레의 성충에 대하여 살충활성을 평가하였다. 담배가루이의 전생육단계에 대하여 3 종의 avermectins (abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin), 1 종의 METI (pridaben), 1 종의 neonicotinoid (dinotefuran), 1 종의 spinosyn (spinetoram)이 우수한 살충제로 선발되었다. 담배거세미나방에 대한 잔효독성을 평가한 결과 4 종(chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, flubendiamide, indoxacarb)은 21 일간 지속되어 우수한 살충제로 선발되었고, 6 종(bistrifluron, chlorfenapyr, methoxyfenozide, chlorpyrifos, bifenthrin, spinetoram)은 7 일까지 살충활성이 지속되어 저항성 관리를 위한 교호살포제로 선발되었다. 꽃노랑총채벌레에 대한 접촉과 섭식독성을 평가한 결과 3 종(spinetoram, spinosad, emamectin benzoate)은 접촉독성이 우수하였고, chlorfenapyr 은 섭식독성이 우수한 살충제로 선발되었다. 천적과 상호보완적으로 활용할 수 있는 살충제를 선발하기 위하여13종의 살충제를 천적 7종(포식성 응애류 2종, 포식성 노린재류 2 종, 기생성 좀벌류 3 종)에 대한 접촉 및 잔효독성을 평가한 결과 포식성 응애류에 대해 6 종(dinotefuran, indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, methxyfenozide, bistrifluron)이, 포식성 노린재류에 대해 3 종(methoxyfenozide, bistrifluron, chlorantraniliprole)이 안전한 살충제로 선발되었다. 그러나, 기생성 좀벌류에 대해서는 대부분의 약제가 독성이 있었으나, 굴파리좀벌에는 chlorantraniliprole 이 안전한 살충제로 선발되었다. 효과적인 처리방법을 선발하기 위하여 고추에서 chlorantraniliprole 의 살충활성 차이와 작물 잔류량 분석을 통하여 3 가지 처리방법(경엽처리, 전착제 혼용처리, 관주처리)을 평가하였다. 살충활성은 경엽처리 및 전착제 횬용처리, 관주처리 순으로 나타났으나, 경엽처리제는 다른 처리방법에 비하여 잔류량이 빠르게 감소하였다. 살충활성과 작물잔류량은 경엽처리와 전착제 혼용처리에서 42 일까지 안정적으로 유지되었다. 관주처리 방법의 경우 처리 후 3 일까지 낮은 작물 잔류량과 살충활성이 나타났으나, 7 일부터 42 일까지 높음 잔류량과 살충활성을 유지하였다. 경엽처리는 약제처리 직후의 높은 살충활성으로 해충이 다발생하는 시기에 효과적이며, 관주처리는 처리 3 일 이후에 살충활성이 관찰되므로 해충의 발생초기에 활용하는 것이 효과적일 것이다. 본 연구에서 담배가루이에 대해 6 가지, 담배거세미나방에 대해 10가지, 그리고 총채벌레에 대해 4가지의 살충제가 선발되었으며, 천적 7 종(포식성 응애류 2 종, 포식성 노린재류 2 종, 기생성 좀벌류 3 종)에 대한 접촉독성과 잔효독성에서 chlorantraniliprole이 가장 안전한 약제로 선발되었다. 살충활성과 잔효력이 우수한 chlorantraniliprole 을 활용하여 해충을 방제하는 경우 가장 효과적인 처리방법은 전착제를 혼용하지 않고 chlorantraniliprole 을 경엽처리하는 것이었다. | - |
dc.description.abstract | Controlling Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), Spodoptera litura (Fabricius),
and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), which are dominant pests in fruit vegetables in greenhouses, is a key factor to increase the crop yield. For controlling the population and insecticide resistance of these pests, two complementary strategies of selective insecticides and biological control agents have been susgested. The objective of this study was to suggest effective and selective insecticides against biological control species to establish a greenhouse IPM program. To select effective insecticides, with their information on mode of action, their toxicities were evaluated against egg, nymphal, and adult stages of B. tabaci, larval stage of S. litura, and adult stage of F. occidentalis. Three avermectins (abamectin, emamectin benzoate, and lepimectin), 1 METI acaricide (pridaben), 1 neonicotinoid (dinotefuran), and 1 spinosyn (spinetoram) were selected against all the stages of B. tabaci. Four insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, flubendiamide and indoxacarb) were selected S. litura showing high residual activities until 21 days. Showing residual activities until 7 days, 6 insecticides (bistrifluron, chlorfenapyr, methoxyfenozide, chlorpyrifos, bifenthrin, and spinetoram) were selected as alternative insecticides for controlling resistance. Three insecticides (spinetoram, spinosad, and emamectin benzoate) were selected showing high contact and ingestion toxicities to F. occidentalis adults, and chlorfenapyr was selected as an alternative insecticide with high ingestion toxicity. To select insecticides compatible with biological control species, the toxicities of 13 insecticides on 2 predatory mites (Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot), 2 hemipteran predators (Orius laevigatus [Fieber] and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter), and 3 hymenopteran parasitoids (Diglyphus isaea [Walker], Aphidius colemani Viereck, and Encarsia formosa Gahan) were compared in direct and residual applications in the laboratory. Six insecticides (dinotefuran, indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, methoxyfenozide, and bistrifluron) were safe to predatory mites, and 3 insecticides (methoxyfenozide, bistrifluron, and chlorantraniliprole) were safe to both hemipteran predators. One insecticide (chlorantraniliprole) was selected against D. isaea. To find the effective insecticide application methods, I compared the efficacies of three application methods, foliar spray, foliar spray mixed with a wetting agent, and soil drenching, on the red pepper, Capsicum annuum plants, and compared the residue of chlorantraniliprole on their leaves and fruits. The highest efficacy was found in the foliar spray followed by the foliar spray mixed with a wetting agent and soil drenching application methods. However, residue of chlorantraniliprole in the foliar spray began to decline quickly than the residue of other application methods. The efficacy and the residue in the foliar spray and the foliar spray mixed with a wetting agent remained stable until 42 days. The residue and efficacy in soil drenching were low until 3 days, but the residue increased and continued until 42 days. The foliar spray should be selected in high population of lepidopterans due to the efficacy in early days after application. The soil drenching should be selected in low population of the insects due to the residual efficacy after 3 days of application. In this study, 6 insecticides on Bemisia tabaci, 10 insecticides on S. litura, and 4 insecticides on F. occidentalis were selected. Chlorantraniliprole was safe either after or before the release of 7 biological control species (2 predatory mites, 2 hemipteran predators, and 3 hymenopteran parasitoids). The foliar spray of chlorantraniliprole was the most effective application method as it showed highest efficacy and residue. | - |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Chapter 1. General Introduction 1
Chapter 2. Selection of effective insecticides to control Bemisia tabaci, Spodoptera litura, and Frankliniella occidentalis in greenhouses 9 Abstract 11 2.1. Introduction 13 2.2. Materials and methods 18 2.2.1. Insect colony 18 2.2.2. Toxicity assay against B. tabaci 18 2.2.3. Toxicity assay against S. litura 20 2.2.4. Toxicity assay against F. occidentalis 20 2.2. 4.1. Contact toxicity assay 21 2.2. 4.2. Ingestion toxicity assay 21 2.2.5. Data analysis 22 2.3. Results 26 2.3.1. Toxicity assay against B. tabaci 26 2.3.2. Toxicity assay against S. litura 34 2.3.3. Toxicity assay against F. occidentalis 36 2.4. Discussion 38 2.4.1. Toxicity assay against B. tabaci 38 2.4.2. Toxicity assay against S. litura 40 2.4.3. Toxicity assay against F. occidentalis 41 Chapter 3. Selective toxicities of 13 insecticides against seven commercialized biological control species 45 3.1. Introduction 47 3.2. Materials and Methods 50 3.2.1. Insects and mites 50 3.2.2. Contact toxicity 50 3.2.3. Residual toxicity 51 3.2.4. Data analysis 52 3.3. Results 55 3.3.1. Contact toxicity 55 3.3.2. Residual toxicity 59 3.4. Discussion 73 Chapter 4. Comparison of three application methods of chlorantraniliprole in pepper 79 4.1. Introduction 81 4.2. Materials and Methods 84 4.2.1. Host plant and insect colony 84 4.2.2. Toxicity assay 84 4.2.3. Residue analysis of chlorantraniliprole 85 4.3. Results 91 4.4. Discussion 95 Chapter 5. Insect pest management program with selective insecticides in greenhouses 97 5.1. Effective insecticides against B. tabaci, S. litura, and F. occidetalis 99 5.2. Selective insecticides against biological control species 102 5.3. Management programs for controlling B. tabaci, S. litura, and F. occidentalis 104 Literature cited 111 국문 초록 127 | - |
dc.language.iso | eng | - |
dc.publisher | 서울대학교 대학원 | - |
dc.subject | Integrated pest management | - |
dc.subject | selective insecticide | - |
dc.subject | efficacy | - |
dc.subject | resistance | - |
dc.subject | biological control species | - |
dc.subject | application method | - |
dc.subject.ddc | 630 | - |
dc.title | Chemical-based management program against Bemisia tabaci, Spodoptera litura, and Frankliniella occidentalis using selective insecticides to seven commercialized biological control species in greenhouses | - |
dc.title.alternative | 시설재배에서 선택적 살충제를 이용한 담배가루이, 담배거세미나방 및 꽃노랑총채벌레의 화학적 방제 프로그램 | - |
dc.type | Thesis | - |
dc.type | Dissertation | - |
dc.contributor.AlternativeAuthor | Si Yong, Kim | - |
dc.contributor.department | 농업생명과학대학 농생명공학부 | - |
dc.description.degree | Doctor | - |
dc.date.awarded | 2019-08 | - |
dc.contributor.major | 곤충학전공 | - |
dc.identifier.uci | I804:11032-000000156624 | - |
dc.identifier.holdings | 000000000040▲000000000041▲000000156624▲ | - |
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